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RADIOACTIVITY. LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY Activity units: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 Bq 1. Nuclear decay law: N = Noe-At The law of radioactive decay gives the quantitative relationship between the original number of nuclei present at time zero No and the number N at a later time t (sec), where e = 2.71828... is the base of the natural logarithm, and 2 is the decay constant for the nuclide (1/s). 2. Relationship between decay constant 1 and isotop half-life T1/2: In(2) 0.693 Modality Radioisotope Carbon-11 Half-life T1/2 where 1 is decay constant (1/s), T1/2 is isotope half- life (s). T1/2 20 minutes PET Fluorine-18 110 minutes PET 12.7 hours Copper-64 Gallium-67 PET 3. Activity or decay rate of a radioactive source A: ΔΝ 78.3 hours SPECT Gallium-68 68 minutes PET = AN Technetum-99m 6.02 hours SPECT Δt where A is activity or decay rate of a radioactive source (Bq), N is number of nuclei present at time t (s ), A is decay constant (1/s). 4. Activity A of a radioactive source at a time t: Indium-111 67.3 hours SPECT lodine-123 13.22 hours SPECT Thallium-201 72.9 hours SPECT A = A̟e¬dt = A,2 T1/2 A, is initial activity (Bq), T1/2 half life time of an isotope (s). 5. Relationship between mass and number of nuclei: т м NA m is mass (kg), M is molar mass (kg/mole), N is number of nuclei, N, = 6.022 · 1023 mole- is Avogadro's constant. 10. Iodine-120 has a half life of 1.35 hours. If you start off with a sample which has an activity of 1.0 Ci, how long is it before the activity drops to the following values: (a) 0.50 Ci; (b) 9.77x104 Ci; (c) 9.31×1010 Ci.

RADIOACTIVITY. LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY Activity units: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 Bq 1. Nuclear decay law: N = Noe-At The law of radioactive decay gives the quantitative relationship between the original number of nuclei present at time zero No and the number N at a later time t (sec), where e = 2.71828... is the base of the natural logarithm, and 2 is the decay constant for the nuclide (1/s). 2. Relationship between decay constant 1 and isotop half-life T1/2: In(2) 0.693 Modality Radioisotope Carbon-11 Half-life T1/2 where 1 is decay constant (1/s), T1/2 is isotope half- life (s). T1/2 20 minutes PET Fluorine-18 110 minutes PET 12.7 hours Copper-64 Gallium-67 PET 3. Activity or decay rate of a radioactive source A: ΔΝ 78.3 hours SPECT Gallium-68 68 minutes PET = AN Technetum-99m 6.02 hours SPECT Δt where A is activity or decay rate of a radioactive source (Bq), N is number of nuclei present at time t (s ), A is decay constant (1/s). 4. Activity A of a radioactive source at a time t: Indium-111 67.3 hours SPECT lodine-123 13.22 hours SPECT Thallium-201 72.9 hours SPECT A = A̟e¬dt = A,2 T1/2 A, is initial activity (Bq), T1/2 half life time of an isotope (s). 5. Relationship between mass and number of nuclei: т м NA m is mass (kg), M is molar mass (kg/mole), N is number of nuclei, N, = 6.022 · 1023 mole- is Avogadro's constant. 10. Iodine-120 has a half life of 1.35 hours. If you start off with a sample which has an activity of 1.0 Ci, how long is it before the activity drops to the following values: (a) 0.50 Ci; (b) 9.77x104 Ci; (c) 9.31×1010 Ci.

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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RADIOACTIVITY. LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY Activity units: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 Bq 1. Nuclear decay law: N = Noe-At The law of radioactive decay gives the quantitative relationship between the original number of nuclei present at time zero No and the number N at a later time t (sec), where e = 2.71828... is the base of the natural logarithm, and 2 is the decay constant for the nuclide (1/s). 2. Relationship between decay constant 1 and isotop half-life T1/2: In(2) 0.693 Modality Radioisotope Carbon-11 Half-life T1/2 where 1 is decay constant (1/s), T1/2 is isotope half- life (s). T1/2 20 minutes PET Fluorine-18 110 minutes PET 12.7 hours Copper-64 Gallium-67 PET 3. Activity or decay rate of a radioactive source A: ΔΝ 78.3 hours SPECT Gallium-68 68 minutes PET = AN Technetum-99m 6.02 hours SPECT Δt where A is activity or decay rate of a radioactive source (Bq), N is number of nuclei present at time t (s ), A is decay constant (1/s). 4. Activity A of a radioactive source at a time t: Indium-111 67.3 hours SPECT lodine-123 13.22 hours SPECT Thallium-201 72.9 hours SPECT A = A̟e¬dt = A,2 T1/2 A, is initial activity (Bq), T1/2 half life time of an isotope (s). 5. Relationship between mass and number of nuclei: т м NA m is mass (kg), M is molar mass (kg/mole), N is number of nuclei, N, = 6.022 · 1023 mole- is Avogadro's constant.
Transcribed Image Text:RADIOACTIVITY. LAW OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY Activity units: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 1010 Bq 1. Nuclear decay law: N = Noe-At The law of radioactive decay gives the quantitative relationship between the original number of nuclei present at time zero No and the number N at a later time t (sec), where e = 2.71828... is the base of the natural logarithm, and 2 is the decay constant for the nuclide (1/s). 2. Relationship between decay constant 1 and isotop half-life T1/2: In(2) 0.693 Modality Radioisotope Carbon-11 Half-life T1/2 where 1 is decay constant (1/s), T1/2 is isotope half- life (s). T1/2 20 minutes PET Fluorine-18 110 minutes PET 12.7 hours Copper-64 Gallium-67 PET 3. Activity or decay rate of a radioactive source A: ΔΝ 78.3 hours SPECT Gallium-68 68 minutes PET = AN Technetum-99m 6.02 hours SPECT Δt where A is activity or decay rate of a radioactive source (Bq), N is number of nuclei present at time t (s ), A is decay constant (1/s). 4. Activity A of a radioactive source at a time t: Indium-111 67.3 hours SPECT lodine-123 13.22 hours SPECT Thallium-201 72.9 hours SPECT A = A̟e¬dt = A,2 T1/2 A, is initial activity (Bq), T1/2 half life time of an isotope (s). 5. Relationship between mass and number of nuclei: т м NA m is mass (kg), M is molar mass (kg/mole), N is number of nuclei, N, = 6.022 · 1023 mole- is Avogadro's constant.
10. Iodine-120 has a half life of 1.35 hours. If you start off with a sample which has an activity of 1.0 Ci, how long is it before the activity drops to the following values: (a) 0.50 Ci; (b) 9.77x104 Ci; (c) 9.31×1010 Ci.
Transcribed Image Text:10. Iodine-120 has a half life of 1.35 hours. If you start off with a sample which has an activity of 1.0 Ci, how long is it before the activity drops to the following values: (a) 0.50 Ci; (b) 9.77x104 Ci; (c) 9.31×1010 Ci.
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