Quiz 1 Boiling Points The boiling point of a liquid is defined as: The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid exactly equals the pressure exerted on it. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the pressure exerted on it. The temperature at which the gases present in the liquid expand into large bubbles. The temperature of a liquid that exceeds the ambient temperature. Which of the following is not a true statement regarding boiling points? Requires about 1-2 mL of liquid. Is less affected by impurities. Is sensitive to ambient air pressure. Is not sensitive to ambient air pressure. What is superheating and how is it avoided? Heating a solution so fast that it ‘bumps’ out of a container; slow heating avoids this. Heating a solution above its boiling point without it boiling; adding a boiling stick or stone averts this. Heating a solution above its boiling point without it boiling; sealing off the boiling liquid from the atmosphere prevents this. Heating a solution so fast that it ‘bumps’ out of a container; sealing off the boiling liquid from the atmosphere prevents this. Liquids that have high boiling points have weak intermolecular bonding. True False The intermolecular bonding between hexane molecules is due to: Van der Waals forces. Dipole-dipole forces. Hydrogen bonding. Ionic bonding. Ethanol added to water forms a homogeneous mixture. This is due to: Van der Waals forces. Dipole-dipole forces. Hydrogen bonding. Ionic bonding. Molecules of acetone are attracted to each other because of: Van der Waals forces. Dipole-dipole forces. Hydrogen bonding. Ionic bonding. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an azeotrope? A mixture of liquids that has a constant boiling point. The boiling point of an azeotrope is always intermediate to the boiling points of its components. The composition of the liquid and its vapors does not change through the boiling process. The boiling point of an azeotrope may be higher or lower than that of any of components. Boiling points increase in a regular manner for a homologous series of molecules such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc. True False Which of the following 7-carbon chain molecules has the highest boiling point? Alkane Ketone Amine Alcohol
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
Quiz 1 Boiling Points
- The boiling point of a liquid is defined as:
- The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid exactly equals the pressure exerted on it.
- The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the pressure exerted on it.
- The temperature at which the gases present in the liquid expand into large bubbles.
- The temperature of a liquid that exceeds the ambient temperature.
- Which of the following is not a true statement regarding boiling points?
- Requires about 1-2 mL of liquid.
- Is less affected by impurities.
- Is sensitive to ambient air pressure.
- Is not sensitive to ambient air pressure.
- What is superheating and how is it avoided?
- Heating a solution so fast that it ‘bumps’ out of a container; slow heating avoids this.
- Heating a solution above its boiling point without it boiling; adding a boiling stick or stone averts this.
- Heating a solution above its boiling point without it boiling; sealing off the boiling liquid from the atmosphere prevents this.
- Heating a solution so fast that it ‘bumps’ out of a container; sealing off the boiling liquid from the atmosphere prevents this.
- Liquids that have high boiling points have weak intermolecular bonding.
- True
- False
- The intermolecular bonding between hexane molecules is due to:
- Van der Waals forces.
- Dipole-dipole forces.
- Hydrogen bonding.
- Ionic bonding.
- Ethanol added to water forms a homogeneous mixture. This is due to:
- Van der Waals forces.
- Dipole-dipole forces.
- Hydrogen bonding.
- Ionic bonding.
- Molecules of acetone are attracted to each other because of:
- Van der Waals forces.
- Dipole-dipole forces.
- Hydrogen bonding.
- Ionic bonding.
- Which of the following is not a characteristic of an azeotrope?
- A mixture of liquids that has a constant boiling point.
- The boiling point of an azeotrope is always intermediate to the boiling points of its components.
- The composition of the liquid and its vapors does not change through the boiling process.
- The boiling point of an azeotrope may be higher or lower than that of any of components.
- Boiling points increase in a regular manner for a homologous series of molecules such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc.
- True
- False
- Which of the following 7-carbon chain molecules has the highest boiling point?
Alkane Ketone Amine - Alcohol
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