A 13-year-old male, who recently immigrated with his parents from Romania, presents with a 2 day history of fever, sore throat and difficulty breathing. Immunization records are unavailable. On physical exam, temperature is 102°F (38.9°C). A grayish white membrane is seen in the oropharynx. There is enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes, resulting in a bull neck.QUESTIONS:What pathogen caused the disease?What is the morphology and staining characteristics of the pathogen?What is its most important virulence factor? Discuss:Criteria for toxin production (lysogeny, iron…)Properties of the toxinMode of actionHow does the pathogen spread?What risk factors are associated with the infection?What are the clinical symptoms of the disease?What are the possible complications from the disease?How is the disease diagnosed? Discuss:Specimen selectionMicroscopic observationCultureVirulence testWhat is the best treatment for the disease?How can the disease be prevented? Discuss:Active immunizationPassive immunization

The case described above shows that the patient is suffering from Diphtheria. This is an illness in…

Answered: QUESTIONS: What pathogen caused the…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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A 13-year-old male, who recently immigrated with his parents from Romania, presents with a 2 day history of fever, sore throat and difficulty breathing. Immunization records are unavailable. On physical exam, temperature is 102°F (38.9°C). A grayish white membrane is seen in the oropharynx. There is enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes, resulting in a bull neck.

QUESTIONS:

What pathogen caused the disease?
What is the morphology and staining characteristics of the pathogen?
What is its most important virulence factor? Discuss:
1. Criteria for toxin production (lysogeny, iron…)
2. Properties of the toxin
3. Mode of action
How does the pathogen spread?
What risk factors are associated with the infection?
What are the clinical symptoms of the disease?
What are the possible complications from the disease?
How is the disease diagnosed? Discuss:
1. Specimen selection
2. Microscopic observation
3. Culture
4. Virulence test
What is the best treatment for the disease?
How can the disease be prevented? Discuss:
1. Active immunization
2. Passive immunization

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