Physical Chemistry 2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
1 Gases And The Zeroth Law Of Thermodynamics 2 The First Law Of Thermodynamics 3 The Second And Third Laws Of Thermodynamics 4 Gibbs Energy And Chemical Potential 5 Introduction To Chemical Equilibrium 6 Equilibria In Single-component Systems 7 Equilibria In Multiple-component Systems 8 Electrochemistry And Ionic Solutions 9 Pre-quantum Mechanics 10 Introduction To Quantum Mechanics 11 Quantum Mechanics: Model Systems And The Hydrogen Atom 12 Atoms And Molecules 13 Introduction To Symmetry In Quantum Mechanics 14 Rotational And Vibrational Spectroscopy 15 Introduction To Electronic Spectroscopy And Structure 16 Introduction To Magnetic Spectroscopy 17 Statistical Thermodynamics: Introduction 18 More Statistical Thermodynamics 19 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 20 Kinetics 21 The Solid State: Crystals 22 Surfaces Chapter20: Kinetics
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 20.1E Problem 20.2E: The oxidation-reduction reaction between iron metal and aqueous permanganate ions in acidic solution... Problem 20.3E: The oxidation-reduction reaction between iron metal and aqueous permanganate ions in acidic solution... Problem 20.4E: The rate of the reaction HOCH2CH2NO2+2HNO2NO2CH2CH2NO2+2H2O is 0.045molHNO2/s. What are the rates of... Problem 20.5E: For a certain reaction between NO and O2, the rate law is rate=k[NO]2[O2] What is the order with... Problem 20.6E: For a reaction between SO2 and Cl2, the rate law is rate=k[Cl2] What is the order with respect to... Problem 20.7E: Consider the chemical reaction A+B+Cproducts Determine the order with respect to A,B,andC, and... Problem 20.8E: For the chemical reaction Mn2+(aq)+H2O2(aq)products The following data are collected: [Mn2+],M... Problem 20.9E: Explain how a species might be part of a rate law but not part of a balanced chemical reaction. Problem 20.10E: Refer to Example 20.2 and explain whether any useful information can be obtained by comparing the... Problem 20.11E: Rate law experiments dont always give data in the form of a rate in moles per second. Some of them... Problem 20.12E Problem 20.13E: What must the units on k be for the following rate law? rate=k[A]2[B]2 Problem 20.14E: What must the units on k be for the following rate law? rate=k[A]1 Problem 20.15E: The reaction 2O33O2 has first-order kinetics and a rate law constant of 7.66103s1. If the initial... Problem 20.17E: Digestive processes are first-order processes. The absorption of Fe2+ by the small intestine has a... Problem 20.18E Problem 20.19E: Derive equation 20.15. Problem 20.20E Problem 20.21E: To a very good approximation, the cooling of a hot body to room temperature (298K) follows... Problem 20.22E: Assume that thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide, HgO, follows first-order kinetics. It can be... Problem 20.23E Problem 20.24E Problem 20.25E: Derive equation 20.22. Problem 20.26E: a Write a rate law and an integrated rate law for a chemical reaction that follows third-order... Problem 20.27E: Derive an expression for the half-life of a a third order reaction;b a reaction whose order is =1; c... Problem 20.28E Problem 20.29E: Rewrite equation 20.27 so that it has the form of a straight-line equation, and identify the... Problem 20.30E: One can also define a third-life, t1/3, which is the amount of time necessary for one-third of an... Problem 20.31E: The decomposition of NH3: 2NH3N2+3H2 is a zeroth-order reaction that, at elevated temperatures, has... Problem 20.32E Problem 20.33E Problem 20.34E: When ionic compounds crystallize from a supersaturated solution, the crystallization front that is,... Problem 20.35E: An aqueous reaction that uses the solvent H2O as a reactant has a given rate law of rate=k[H2O][A]... Problem 20.36E: The rate law for the reaction C6H5OH+HNO2[OHcatalyst]C6H5NO2+H2O is rate=k[C6H5OH][HNO2] At 35.0C,... Problem 20.37E: If a reaction has the same rate constant, what time does it take for a reactant to decrease by 5... Problem 20.38E: List at least four experimentally determined parameters that you, an experimenter, can define when... Problem 20.39E Problem 20.40E Problem 20.41E Problem 20.42E Problem 20.43E: What is the value of the equilibrium constant of a reaction if the forward rate constant was... Problem 20.44E Problem 20.45E Problem 20.46E: Show how equation 20.33 reduces to a simpler form of an integrated first-order rate law when the... Problem 20.47E: Write expressions like equation 20.37 for a set of three parallel reactions from the same reactant.... Problem 20.48E Problem 20.49E Problem 20.50E Problem 20.51E Problem 20.52E Problem 20.53E Problem 20.54E Problem 20.55E: For what values of time, t, will 210Bi and 206Pb be at a maximum? See exercise 20.54. Problem 20.56E Problem 20.57E: An interesting pair of consecutive reactions involve the absorption of ethyl alcohol by the body,... Problem 20.58E: Find limiting forms of equation 20.47 for a k1>>k2 and b k1<<k2. Problem 20.59E Problem 20.60E Problem 20.61E Problem 20.62E Problem 20.63E: At room temperature (22C), the rate constant for proton transfer between water molecules in solution... Problem 20.64E: Recently, researchers studying the kinetics of metal atom reactions with small gas molecules... Problem 20.65E: A reaction has k=1.771061/(Ms) at 25.0C and an activation energy of 2.00kJ/mol. a What order is the... Problem 20.66E Problem 20.67E Problem 20.68E Problem 20.69E: Nitric oxide, NO, is known to break down ozone, O3, by the following bimolecular reaction:... Problem 20.70E: a Suggest a mechanism for the bromination of ethane: Br2+CH3CH3CH3CH2Br+HBr b Would you expect that... Problem 20.71E Problem 20.72E Problem 20.73E: Determine a rate law for the chlorination of methane assuming that the first step is the... Problem 20.74E: Determine a rate law for the chlorination of methane assuming that the second step is the... Problem 20.75E: A proposed mechanism for the gas-phase chlorination of methane is... Problem 20.76E Problem 20.77E: The nitration of methanol, CH3OH, by nitrous acid is thought to proceed via the following mechanism:... Problem 20.78E Problem 20.79E: Many gas-phase reactions require some inert body, usually represented as M, to absorb or supply... Problem 20.80E Problem 20.81E: Carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme whose substrate is CO2, has a K of 12mM. When the concentration of CO2... Problem 20.82E: Show that another form of the Michaelis-Menten equation is rate=V[S]K+[S] Problem 20.83E Problem 20.84E Problem 20.85E Problem 20.86E Problem 20.87E: Pyrolysis involves heating compounds to break them into smaller molecules, and typically involves... Problem 20.88E Problem 20.89E: Label the elementary processes for the reaction between H2 and O2 see section 20.7 as initiation,... Problem 20.90E Problem 20.91E: What are the rate laws of mechanisms 1 and 2 for oscillating reactions if the second reactions were... Problem 20.92E: Estimate G for an elementary process whose rate constant k is 8.5101M1s1 at 450K. Problem 20.93E Problem 20.94E Problem 20.95E Problem 20.96E: For the following two reactions H+Cl2HCl+Cl H+Br2HBr+Br the first reaction has a lower value of A... Problem 20.97E Problem 20.98E Problem 20.99E Problem 20.100E: Consider a reaction that has two parallel pathways both first-order to products. Pathway 1, leading... Problem 20.101E: Consider a set of first-order consecutive reactions ABC. The rate constants are 8.4104s1 and... Problem 20.102E Problem 20.66E
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Question: How can one derive the potential energy surface for a chemical reaction involving multiple transition states and intermediates using high-level quantum chemical methods, and how does this impact the reaction dynamics and overall reaction mechanism?
Definition Definition Transformation of a chemical species into another chemical species. A chemical reaction consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new ones by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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