QUESTION 2a) Distinguish between spherical rotors and symmetrical rotors in terms of numbersof moment of inertia.b) Explain the usefulness of measuring the rotational constant (B) in the Microwaverotational spectroscopy technique.c) Distinguish between the Zeeman and the Stark effect.d) State both the gross selection rule and the specific selection rules related torotational and vibrational spectroscopy.e) Starting from the expression of the entropy of a canonical ensemble (asexpressed in terms of canonical partition function, Q);U-U(0)T+kalnQDerive an expression for the Sackur-Tetrode equation for the entropy of a monatomicgas that behaves like a perfect gas

e) Derivation of the Sackur-Tetrode Equation:The Sackur-Tetrode equation is an expression for the…

Answered: QUESTION 2 a) Distinguish between…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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11. Absorption in the = 10 vibration-rotation spectrum of 1H35CI were observed at the wavenumbers (cm-1) below. i) Assign the rotational quantum numbers and [10] ii) Use the method of combination differences to determine the rotational constants of the two vibrational levels 2998.05 2981.05 2963.35 2944.99 2925.92 2906.25 2865.14 2843.63 2821.59 2799.00 12. The rotational terms of a symmetric top, allowing for centrifugal distortion, are commonly written F(J, K) = BJJ + 1) + (Ã − В)к² – Ď₁J² (J + 1)² − ÕƒÂ³(J + 1)K² - DKK4 The following transition frequencies were observed for CH3F. a) Develop an expression for the wavenumbers of the allowed rotational transitions. b) Determine the values of as many constants in the expression for the rotational terms as these values permit. [15] 51.0718 GHz 102.1426 GHz 102.1408 GHz 153.2103 GHz 153.2076 GHZ
As noted in lecture, the rigid rotor model can be improved by recognizing that in a realistic anharmonic potential, the bond length increases with the vibrational quantum number v. Thus, the rotational constant depends on v, and it can be shown that By = Be – ae(v +). For 'H®Br, B = 8.473 cm1 and a = 0.226 cm². Use this information to calculate the bond length for HBr a) as a rigid rotor, and b) as a nonrigid rotor in the ground vibrational state. Find a literature value for this bond length (cite your source) and compare your answers. Under what conditions would you expect the nonrigid rotor to be a significantly better model?
Please answer.
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Describe the process to find all vibrational modes of the molecule
6) The wavenumber of the fundamental vibrational transition of 79Br8¹Br is 323.2 cm¹¹. Calculate the spring constant (k) of the bond. (note: 79Br = 78.9183 amu and 8¹Br = 80.9163 amu)
(b) What is the highest possible degeneracy of a vibration of a Cr(CO), molecule? Explain your answer.
4) For a molecule that is symmetric to inversion (with a center of symmetry, like CO2), vibrational modes that are IR active, will be a) Raman active b) Raman inactive c) no way to predict
In Example 20.4, we determined that the moment of inertia of the NaH molecule is 5.70 × 10-47 kg m2.(a) Calculate the relative population of the J =5 level andthe ground state at 25°C.(b) Calculate the relative population of the J = 15 leveland the ground state at 25°C.(c) Calculate the relative population of the J = 25 leveland the ground state at 25°C.
Calculate the wavenumbers of the two highest energy vibrational transitions for the 1271³5 CI molecule. [Note: m(¹271) = 126.9045 u, and m(35CI) = 34.9688 u; the vibrational wavenumber (V) is 384.3 cm³¹; the first order anharmonicity constant (X₂) is 0.0039.] - Hint: For this anharmonic oscillator, the question asks for an estimate of the type G(v+1) – G(v) = AG+2 for AG1/2 and AG3/2-
Determine the minimum electronic state of the O2 (oxygen) molecule and find the spectral terms.
Which of the following statement about centrifugal distortion for a diatomic molecule is true? O None of these. O The effect of centrifugal distortion is to increase the moment of inertia. O The higher the vibrational frequency, the stronger the centrifugal distortion. O A molecule with a stiff chemical bond will have a high centrifugal constant. O The rotational energy of the molecule is higher than what the rigid rotor expression predicts.

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