QUESTION 1 Enzyme concentration affects the rate of an enzymatic reaction by It actually has no effect on the reaction rate. by increasing the rate of reaction when it is low. by decreasing the rate of reaction when it is high Oby increasing the rate of reaction when it is high.
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. The enzymes accelerate the biochemical reactions by acting on the substrate and converting the substrate into products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzyme catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life.
- Enzymes are made up of amino acids which are linked together via amide (peptide) bonds in a linear chain. This is the primary structure. The resulting amino acid chain is called a polypeptide or protein. The specific order of amino acid in the protein is encoded by the DNA sequence of the corresponding gene.
- The hydrogen in the amino group (NH2) and the oxygen in the carboxyl group (COOH) of each amino acid can bond with each other by means of hydrogen bond, this means that the amino acids in the same chain can interact with each other. As a result, the protein chain can fold up on itself, and it can fold up in two ways, resulting in two secondary structures: it can either wrap round forming the ?-helix, or it can fold on top of itself forming the ?-sheet.
- As a consequence of the folding up of the 2D linear chain in the secondary structure, the protein can fold up further and in doing so gains a three-dimensional structure. This is its tertiary structure.
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