Q8: In 1-2 sentances give an answer to this question Describe the steps that lead to cytokine storm in some individuals infected with respiratory viruses like Influenza A or SARS-CoV-2. Why does cytokines storm lead to poor prognosis?

Q: Discuss how HIV affects the immune system and how thisis related to the three categories of HIV…

A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…

Q: At what two locations do most immune responses occur? in the blood; in the thymus at local sites of…

A: Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against the antigen or pathogenic substances by…

Q: Describe two signs of influenza, both local and systemic.

A: InfectionIt is the process of interaction that mainly occurs between:Pathogens  And susceptible…

Q: Case Study Analysis 4.2 Explain natural/acquired immunity and active/passive immunity 4.3 Explain…

A: Case Study 1: Julia and the MMR VaccineExplanation of Natural/Acquired Immunity and Active/Passive…

Q: State two local and systemic signs of influenza.?

A: Infection It is the process of interaction that mainly occurs between: Pathogens  And susceptible…

Q: explain if SARS-CoV-2 is caused by an antigenic shift or an antigenic drift.

A: Antigenic drift is a kind of genetic variation in viruses, arising by the accumulation of mutations…

Q: Only Somatic Diversification Theory can explain the huge repertoire of             Antibodies…

A: Antibody  Antibody is a Y shaped protein that protect our body from foreign invaders like viruses,…

Q: Q. 6 Illustrate the route of lymph circulation.

A: The lymphatic system is a network of tissues, vessels and organs that work together to move…

Q: Briefly explain the behaviors most likely to spread HIV.

A: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a condition that occurs due to the infection with HIV…

Q: Q6.2. There are many diseases that do not infect a person more than once, such as chicken pox and…

A: Introduction Immunity is a complex biological system with the ability to recognise and accept what…

Q: The patient has got diagnose acromegaly. Hyperactivity of what cells of the pituitary gland are…

A: Increased secretions of growth hormone result in the condition called acromegaly.  Hypersecretion of…

Q: Host defense mechanisms that are present at birth and provide nonspecific resistance to infection…

A: immunity is the capability of multicellular organisms to resist harmful microorganisms.

Q: 8. Clonal Selection Hypothesis is the most accepted theory for how immune cells respond to specific…

A: The theory postulates that a foreign antigen, invading our body, binds to one specific antibody…

Q: Describe the process of adenovirus cell attachment and entry through to association with the nuclear…

A: A virus, an unseen microorganism, infiltrates our body. It infiltrates our tissues and then…

Q: . Describe the effects of HIV on a human immune system, and listcurrent methods of treating HIV…

A: HIV stands for the human immunodeficiency virus belongs to the family of retrovirus that is known as…

Q: Activated B-Cells Clustered T-Cells Antigen Antibody

A: Immunoglobulin is made up of two words immune and globulin. The word immuno means immune response…

Q: Using info on the SARS-CoV-2 mutations, state how the occurrence of these mutated strains would…

A: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel severe acute respiratory…

Q: Explain how CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells and B cells work together in the lymphoid tissues.

A: Immunology covers the study of immune systems in all living beings. Immunology charts, gauges, and…

Q: Answer all questions in response to the species of Retroviridae in the diagram above Retroviridae…

A: The solution of questions are provided. in next step

Q: How does carrying a gene for sickle-cell anemiaprotect against malaria?

A: Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder affecting the red blood cells of the body. It is an…

Q: 40. The diagram shown depicts an essential pathway for which of the following elements of the mes…

A: Here we have to describe about the mechanism that is showing in the picture

Q: Describe antigenic drift and antigenic shift and discuss how they affect the epidemiology of…

A: Antigenic drift, random mutation of an infective agent leading to minor changes(mutation) in…

Q: State and explain 10 ways in which the human body fight against infectious

A: There are two types of immunity in human body to fight infections. Innate immuniy ,and acquired…

Q: 4.2 Explain natural/acquired immunity and active/passive immunity 4.3 Explain the basis of…

A: 4.2 Natural/Acquired Immunity and Active/Passive Immunity:The answer explains the different types of…

Q: Describe the mechanism used by Tc cells to recognize infectedhost cells.

A: Immune system protects the body against infection. Cells involved in immune functions are known as…

Q: Describe how the anti-retroviral drug Tenofovir prevents replication of HIV-1. Be sure to describe…

A: Tenofovir is a nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor which is used in the management of…

Q: Help explain this LAPTM5 and LAPTM5 restrict HIV-1 infectivity

A: Answer

Q: tion. A) They release histamine in response to allergens. B) They release perforins to poke holes in…

A: There are two types of immunity in the body first is the humoral immunity which works by the action…

Q: Which one of these is NOT a benefit of fever? Inhibits multiplication of temperature-sensitive…

A: Given here are some statements regarding fever. fever is rise in core body temperature. following…

Q: How can a virus pandemic end?

A: Answer :  A Pandemic is an epidemic that spread to multiple continents of the world with a high…

Q: Where could we find viruses? Explain.

A: A virus is an infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA)…

Q: The FluMist influenza A vaccine is an attenuated live virus which has been: A:Was generated through…

A: FluMist is a brand name of a vaccine. It's FDA-endorsed to assist with stopping flu (influenza)…

Q: @sap questions solve this problem

A: AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)- It is a serious life-threatening disease that weakens our…

Q: Identify the molecular mediators of inflammation and fever anddefine their individual roles

A: Introduction: Substances that possess the ability to initiate and control the inflammatory reactions…

Q: Role of lymphocyte and immunity regulation

A: Lymphocytes or white blood cells are immune cells that protect the body from foreign antigens such…

Q: Explain the routes how SARS-COV-2 or can be transmitted from a diseased individual to a susceptible…

A: Contact, droplet, airborne, fomite, fecal-oral, bloodborne, mother-to-child, and animal-to-human…

Q: How does Humoral Immune response to SARS_COV-2?

A: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS_COV-2) is defined as the strain of the virus…

Q: Involves eaction and IgM antibodies with cellular antigens, resulting in cell damage 1. Type I…

A: The immune system plays an important role in protecting the body from foreign antigens. Varieties of…

Q: Classification and physiology of immune system?

A: The immune system is the organ system of the body that is principally responsible for protecting the…

Q: You are presented with the following clinical scenario: "A 50 year old patient presents with…

A: Various leukocyte populations can be distinguished using certain markers in flow cytometry studies…

Q: What proportion of the population must be vaccinated to prevent measles from spreading?

A: Measles is caused by an extremely contagious virus called morbillivirus. The most common symptom of…

Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections are infectious diseases of the respiratory tract that are mostly caused by bacteria and viruses. They cause infections of the throat, sinuses, airway path, and lungs. Respiratory infections are typically divided into two types: upper tract respiratory infection and lower tract respiratory infection.