Q4: Discuss the following phrase "The magic numbers are accounted for on the basis of energy gaps between two levels rather than filling-up of energy shell".
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- The US had 264 billion barrels of oil in reserve at the end of 2019. Us annual energy consumption is 1.0 x 1020 joules and energy released by burning a liter of oil is 1.2 x 107 joules. How long can the US run on its reserves? Use the conversion 1 barrel = 159 liters.Which property of the Earth's atmosphere causes the greenhouse effect? The Earth's atmosphere allows radio waves to pass through, but it absorbs some ultraviolet radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows radio waves to pass through, but it absorbs some infrared radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows visible light to pass through, but it absorbs some infrared radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows visible light to pass through, but it absorbs some ultraviolet radiation.How many hours of sunlight does it take to capture the same amount of energy stored in 1 L of petrol, if instead of using a tree we use a solar panel?Assume: a tree takes up around 30 m2 of land area; we have a solar panel with the same area as that taken up by the tree; 1 L of petrol contains 34.2 MJ of energy; a solar panel captures energy at an average rate of 50 W/m2 for 12 hours a day. How many hours does it take to capture the required amount of energy? Give your answer to one significant figure.
- Calculate how many moles of He gas are needed to have statistical certainty that one atom of Helium reaches Earth's escape velocity (Vesc= 11.2 km/s), This is a puzzle – please do not use the Help Centre to get the answer) Hint: Use the spreadsheet software etc. The standard calculator will not be able carry necessar calculations. 12Solve the question asap. Strictly don't use Artificial intelligence tools. (Chatgpt answer will be reported)Atmospheric pressure on Earth at its surface is 101 KPa (101 kilopascals or 101,000 N/m2). Which of these statements is true. When we reduce the pressure in the container while keeping the temperature constant, the number of atoms per m3 must stay constant. At 1 atmosphere, the number of atoms/m3 in air at room temperature is about 109, one billion atoms. If we pump out the gas in a closed container leaving only 1 billionth of the original gas there will be fewer than 100 atoms per m3 in the container. If we pump out the gas in a closed container leaving only 1 billionth of the original gas there will still be more than 1010 (10 billion) atoms per cm3 in the container.
- One proposed method of mitigating climate change is the planting of large numbers of trees. How would this reduce the problem of global warming? Trees reflect additional sunlight back into space before it strikes the ground, reducing the global temperature. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and thereby reducing the greenhouse effect. Trees prevent soil erosion, and soil erosion contributes to the greenhouse effect. Trees release water vapor into the atmosphere, increasing the cloud cover and reducing the global temperature.Which best describes the characteristics of the interaction between solar radiation and greenhouse gases? Earth's incoming solar radiation is in the shortwave UV spectrum Earth's reflected outgoing radiation is in the far infrared spectrum so it can't escape Earth's incoming solar radiation is in the longwave length far-infrared spectrum Earth's reflected outgoing radiation is in the shortwave UV spectrum so it can't escapethe number of air density in a childs balloon is roughly the same as sea level air, 10^19 particles/ cm ^3. if the balloon is now 18 cm in diameter, to what diameter in km would it need to expand to make the gas have the same density as ISM, about 1 particle/cm^3
- Add a fourth column to Table 13-1 and write in the atomic mass for each rows fuel element (see Appendix Table A-14). Review the curve of binding energy, Figure 8-15. Explain the trend of fusion time versus fuel atomic mass.Why are measurements of the Sun's 10.7 cm radio emission used to monitor the state of the solar cycle? Choose all correct answers. A. It provides a repeatable, objective measurement of solar activity B. It serves as a good proxy for EUV emissions C. It is measured from space, so it is not affected by clouds D. It can be used to predict the occurrence of coronal mass ejectionsThe core of the Sun has a temperature of 1.5 × 107 K, while the surface of the Sun has a temperature of 5890 K (which varies over the surface, with the sunspots being cooler). Treat the core of the Sun and the surface of the Sun as two large reservoirs connected by the solar interior. Nuclear fusion processes in the core produce 3.8 × 1026 J every second. Assume that 100% of this energy is transferred from the core to the surface. a)calculate the change in entropy, delta s, in joules per kelvin of the sun every second b) Rigel is a blue giant star with a core temperature of 5.0 x 107 K and a surface temperature of 10900 K. If the core of Rigel produces 60,000 times as much energy per second as the core of the Sun does, calculate the change in the entropy ΔSR, in joules per kelvin, of Rigel every second. c) Barnard’s Star is a red dwarf star with a core temperature of 7.0 x 106 K and a surface temperature of 3560 K. If the core of Barnard’s Star produces 5% as much energy per second…
