Q2. A gas turbine operates between pressures of 3 and 9 bar with a minimum and maximum cycle temperatures of 40 'C and 1500 °C. Both the compressor and turbine have isentropic efficiencies of 92%. The mass flow rate through the turbine is 0.4 kg/s. (a) I Sketch the ideal cycle on a T-s diagram including labels for: the different states (using the numbering in Figure Q2), heat and work transfers, as well as the pressure and temperature values given above. And add the curves and appropriate labels that show the effect of irreversible processes. H Starting from the relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas undergoing an isentropic process, and the ideal gas equation (both in Table 2), demonstrate the relationship between temperatures and pressures (Eq. Q2). T2 T (Eq. Q2) Where: y is the ratio for specific heat, and 1 and 2 are the initial and final states. Write down the equations for the isentropic efficiencies of the compressor and turbine as a function of the isentropic and actual temperatures in the cycle. i.

Q2. A gas turbine operates between pressures of 3 and 9 bar with a minimum and maximum cycle temperatures of 40 'C and 1500 °C. Both the compressor and turbine have isentropic efficiencies of 92%. The mass flow rate through the turbine is 0.4 kg/s. (a) I Sketch the ideal cycle on a T-s diagram including labels for: the different states (using the numbering in Figure Q2), heat and work transfers, as well as the pressure and temperature values given above. And add the curves and appropriate labels that show the effect of irreversible processes. H Starting from the relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas undergoing an isentropic process, and the ideal gas equation (both in Table 2), demonstrate the relationship between temperatures and pressures (Eq. Q2). T2 T (Eq. Q2) Where: y is the ratio for specific heat, and 1 and 2 are the initial and final states. Write down the equations for the isentropic efficiencies of the compressor and turbine as a function of the isentropic and actual temperatures in the cycle. i.

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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6
Q2. An ideal Otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 10. The minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 300 and 1340 K respectively. Accounting for the variation of specific heats with temperature, sketch P-V diagram of the cycle and determine: a) The amount of heat transferred to the air during the heat addition process b) The net work output (kJ/kg) ANSWER
Please do parts A and B
3. Air occupies a 0.3 m³ piston-cylinder at 150 kPa and 278 K. The piston-cylinder operates on a three-process cycle where from state 1 to state 2 the pressure is constant and V2 = 1.4 V1. From state 2 to 3 the compression is reversible adiabatic until V3 = V1, and the temperature at state 3 is 450 K. A constant-volume process completes the cycle. Sketch the cycle on a p-V diagram and determine the network and heat flows for the cycle.
3. In a gas turbine plant air is compressed from 1.01 bar and 15 °C through a pressure ratio of 5. It is then heated in a combustion chamber at constant pressure to a temperature of 700 °C and expanded to atmospheric pressure in a turbine. The isentropic efficiencies of compression and expansion are respectively 0.8 and 0.85. Calculate (a) the cycle efficiency and (b) the work ratio. Assume that the properties of air do not change with temperature and may be taken as Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K and y = 1.4.
(2) Describe briefly why the following statements are wrong. (a) "Hot cup of coffee becoming cold spontaneously is an entropy-decreasing process. So the law of entropy increase can be violated." (b) “Air conditioners require bulky external unit, exhausting heat to outside. With the technology constantly advancing, external unit will be eliminated in the future."
THERMODYNAMICS Consider an air-standard Otto cycle with a heat addition of 800 Btu/bm of air, a compression ratio of 7, and a pressure and temperature at the start of the compression process of 13 lbf/in2, 50 F to simulate an actual spark-ignition engine. Determine the maximum pressure and temperature of the cycle, the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and the mean effective pressure assuming the variation of specific heat with the value from table A-19E Show Complete solution on a paper.
On the diagram below sketch a basic Rankine cycle with superheating. Assume that there are irrevesibilities in the turbine and pump. Identify the device associate with each process. Make sure to label: the states and include important features, e.g. lines of constant temperature, volume, pressure, entropy, vapor dome, etc.
2. Steam at 10MPaa, 550°C enters an ideal engine that has one stage of regenerative cycle; condenser pressure is 10 kPaa and extraction of steam is at 1 MPa. a. Sketch the schematic diagram showing the correct state points and its components b. Sketch the T-s diagram showing the states c. Determine all enthalpies
3. Air is used in an ideal Brayton cycle (shown in p-v and T-s diagram). The state conditions are given in the following Table. (a) The heat addition and heat rejection (b) The net power developed per unit mass flow rate (c) The thermal efficiency State T(°C) P(kPa) 1 20 100 3 1000 350 T 3 3 b a 2.