Q 1. a) An interfacing diagram of 8251A with 8086 system is shown below. An important block is hidden in the diagram which helps the 8251A interconnection with RS-232 cable. What is the name of that hidden block which is unlabeled in diagram and what is the role of that block in serial communication? D,- D. Latehes A-A and 8086 CPU Bus Buffers D, - D, DSR TxD RXD TTL M/IO WR RD Serial Bus RD RD WR WR RIS 8251A 1OCS-0 1OCS -1 IOCS - 2 CTS DTR 8284 RXRDY 1OCS-3 JOCS - 4 1OCS-5 JOCS - 6 IOCS - 7 TXRDY TXEMPTY SYNDET/ BRKDET Clock Generator ??? M/TO G, PCLK +5-V RS-232 Serial Bus Clock Divider Clock Divider 9-pin D-type Connector CLK READY RESET 3-to-8 Decoder RESET A CLK RxC RxD CTS

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Types Of Protocols

A network protocol is a collection of rules that governs the exchange of data between devices connected to the same network. In other words, network protocols are rules that specify how devices communicate or transfer data over a network. The sender and receiver systems must obey the standards to facilitate communication between them.