Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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
Transcribed Image Text:**Title:** Curved Arrow Mechanism for SN1 Reaction
**Instruction:**
Provide a curved arrow mechanism for the following reaction.
**Reaction Description:**
- **Starting Material:** The starting material is a secondary alkyl chloride, displaying a wedge bond to a chlorine atom.
- **Reagent:** Ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) is used as the reagent.
- **Product:** The product is an ether, with the ether oxygen forming a bond at the position where chlorine was initially attached. The product is shown with a solid and wedge line indicating stereochemistry. The notation "+ enantiomer" indicates the formation of a racemic mixture.
**Mechanism Explanation:**
1. **Ionization:** The alkyl chloride undergoes ionization, losing the chloride ion and forming a carbocation.
2. **Nucleophilic Attack:** Ethanol acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbocation, leading to the formation of the ether.
3. **Stereochemistry:** The result is a racemic mixture of enantiomers due to the planar nature of the carbocation intermediate.
**Additional Information:**
This reaction is a classic example of an SN1 mechanism, where the rate-determining step involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The use of ethanol not only acts as a nucleophile but also as a solvent, stabilizing the charged species in the reaction pathway.
(Note: The platform interface includes an "Upload" button for users to upload their files, presumably related to exercises or responses for further analysis or grading.)
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