Provide a brief description behind your choice? Virus-mediated transfer of cellular genetic material from one bacterial cell to another by means of virus particles is called: (A) transduction (B) transposition (C) transformation (D) transfection One strand of double-stranded DNA is mutated, changing all cytosines to uracils. After one round of replication of the mutated DNA strand, the melting temperature of the resulting DNA will: (A) be higher (B) be lower (C) remain the same (D) be double The Southern blotting technique is used for: (A) the detection of RNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies (B) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by a radioactive DNAprobe (C) the detection of proteins on membranesusing a radioactive DNA probe (D) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies Superoxide dismutase is an important enzyme for maintenance of red blood cells and is defective insome neurodegenerative diseases. What does this enzyme do? (A) catalyzes the conversion of O2- to H2O2 and O2 (B) createssuperoxides by oxidizing heme (C) converts H2O2 to water and O2 (D) removes H2O2 by oxidizing glutathione and producing water Carboxymethyl cellulose is: (A) acation -exchange matrix (B) a gel filtration matrix (C) an anion-exchange matrix (D) a plant cell wall constituent Targetted suppression of gene expression isachieved by: (A) T-DNA insertion (B) EMS (C) RNAi (D) Gamma ray Cystic fibrosis is due to: (A) defective chloride channel (B) defective LDL receptor (C) High levels of HDL (D) increased dopamine The main difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion is that: (A) in active transport, the molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration (B) carrier protein is involved only in case of active transport (C) in active transport, energy is consumed to move molecules against a concentration gradient (D) in active transport, only water molecules are transported In competitive inhibition (A) Km increases, V max constant (B) Km decreases, Vmax constant (C) Km constant, Vmax increases (D) Km decreases, Vmax increases The endogenous GTPase activity of G-proteins serves to: (A) stimulate the activity of enzymes by producing energy (B) synthesize cGMP as a second messenger (C) synthesize GTP as an energy source (D) hydrolyze GTP returning the G protein to a pre-stimulated level of activity
Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
Provide a brief description behind your choice?
- Virus-mediated transfer of cellular genetic material from one bacterial cell to another
by means of virus particles is called:
(A) transduction
(B) transposition
(C) transformation
(D) transfection
- One strand of double-stranded DNA is mutated, changing all cytosines to uracils. After one round of replication of the mutated DNA strand, the melting temperature of the resulting DNA will:
(A) be higher
(B) be lower
(C) remain the same
(D) be double
- The Southern blotting technique is used for:
(A) the detection of RNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies
(B) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by a radioactive DNAprobe
(C) the detection of proteins on membranesusing a radioactive DNA probe
(D) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies
- Superoxide dismutase is an important enzyme for maintenance of red blood cells and is defective insome neurodegenerative diseases. What does this enzyme do?
(A) catalyzes the conversion of O2- to H2O2 and O2
(B) createssuperoxides by oxidizing heme
(C) converts H2O2 to water and O2
(D) removes H2O2 by oxidizing glutathione and producing water
- Carboxymethyl cellulose is:
(A) acation -exchange matrix
(B) a gel filtration matrix
(C) an anion-exchange matrix
(D) a plant cell wall constituent
- Targetted suppression of gene expression isachieved by:
(A) T-DNA insertion
(B) EMS
(C) RNAi
(D) Gamma ray
- Cystic fibrosis is due to:
(A) defective chloride channel
(B) defective LDL receptor
(C) High levels of HDL
(D) increased dopamine
- The main difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion is that:
(A) in active transport, the molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
(B) carrier protein is involved only in case of active transport
(C) in active transport, energy is consumed to move molecules against a concentration gradient
(D) in active transport, only water molecules are transported
- In competitive inhibition
(A) Km increases, V max constant
(B) Km decreases, Vmax constant
(C) Km constant, Vmax increases
(D) Km decreases, Vmax increases
- The endogenous GTPase activity of G-proteins serves to:
(A) stimulate the activity of enzymes by producing energy
(B) synthesize cGMP as a second messenger
(C) synthesize GTP as an energy source
(D) hydrolyze GTP returning the G protein to a pre-stimulated level of activity
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