Protons are produced when NADP+ is reduced A proton pump uses light energy to move protons into the thylakoid space A proton pump uses energy from the electron transport chain to move protons into the thylakoid space
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- What process or processes produce the proton gradient that powers ATP synthase in chloroplasts? (Select ALL correct answers) Protons are produced when water is split Protons are produced when NADP+ is reduced OA proton pump uses light energy to move protons into the thylakoid space O A proton pump uses energy from the electron transport chain to move protons into the thylakoid spaceWhich of the following correctly sequences the steps of non-cyclic electron transport? * Water is oxidized by the capture of light energy; these excited electrons are passed through the dark reactions, returning to chlorophyll during the final light reactions The ATP and NADPH generated by the reactions of photosystem Il and photosystem I are utilized by the Calvin Cycle to build high energy glucose molecules Electrons donated from water molecules pass through photosystem I then O photosystem II before returning to the chlorophyll molecules, generating ATP in the process Chlorophyll molecules absorb UV radiation exciting electrons which flow through photosystem I, returning to the chlorophyll molecules ) This is a required questionDiagram 4: The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis STROMA (low H* concentration) Cytochrome complex Photosystem I Photosystem I Light NADP reductase 4H NADP + H NADPH THYLAKOID SPACE (high H* concentration) 4 H* Thylakoid membrane ATP synthase STROMA (low H concentration) ADP Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane taken from a chloroplast inside of a the light dependent cycle that take place along the thylakoid membrane In the Thylakoid space water is split into O 02 H* and electrons O H*, ATP and O2 O Photosystem II, electrons and oxygen O 02 and chlorophyll
- Diagram 4: The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis STROMA dow concentralion Photonystem B Cytch e Photosystem Light omplex Light NADP reductoe NADP NADPH THYLAKOID SPACE igh ooncentration) Cavin Cyle Thylakid menbrane ATP STROMA ow H eone sythase ADP ATP Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane taken from a chloroplast inside of a leaf cell. The events of the light dependent cycle that take place along the thylakoid membrane are shown. Light energy is captured by O ATP synthase O Photosystems I and II O NADP+ reductase The thylakoid membrane's lipid structures DroviousIdentify the chemical basis for ApH and AY across the chloroplast thylakoid membrane by dragging the descriptions to their targets. Be sure to notice that the upper arrow iindicates ApH and the lower arrow indicates ΔΨ. ATP synthase complex H+ N ADP + P₁ Light energy ATP H*N Photosystem I/II- Chloroplast N side Aus PN ApH T + Thylakoid membrane HTp H+p Lumen Stroma P side Proton circuit A B High H concentration Low positive charge High positive charge Low H+ concentration Within the image, identify the types of proton translocation by dragging each label to its target. O XH₂ 2H+ + Z 2 H* ZH₂ O XH₂ Z 2H+ ZH₂ 2H+ C A B Proton pump Redox loopTpoint Diagram 4: The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis STROMA (low H concentration) Photosystem II Cytochrome complex Photosystem I Light NADP reductase 4 H Light NADP + H NADPH THYLAKOID SPACE (high H concentration) To Calvin Cycle Thylakoid membrane ATP synthase STROMA ADP (low H concentration) ATP Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane taken from a chloroplast inside of a leaf cell. The events of the light dependent cycle that take place along the thylakoid membrane are shown. Water is important to the production of ATP because water will provide the electrons that flow through the ATP synthase O provide the energy for ATP synthase to transfer into the bonds of ATP. flow through ATP synthase allowing for the production of ATP provide the H* that flows through the ATP synthase allowing for the ATP production.
- Diagram 41 The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis STROMA Poteyte Potayate mples HAD Light HLARO ACE (high ir Carto Thylakold membrane ATP ynthase STROMA ow N concentration) ADP Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane taken from a chloroplast inside of a leaf cell. The events of the light dependent cycle that take place along the thylakoid membrane are shown. Identify an energy transfer that takes place n Diagram 4. Light energy is directly transferred into the chemical bonds of sugar. O Light energy is directly transferred into the chemical bonds of ATP The energy of the bonds of water are transferred into the chemical bonds of ATP. The energy from an excited electron is transferred into the chemical bonds of NADPH.Diagram 4: The Light Reactions of Photosymtnes STROMA dow soncentrations Photoeystem PhotoeytmE oomple Light Ligt THYLAKOID SPACE Ohigh concentration) Thylakold membrane ATP wynthase STROMA low H concentration) ADP en from a chloroplast inside of a le the light dependent cyde that take place along the thylakoid membrane a Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane In photosystem I and II, an electron will O be transferred to ATP be transferred to NADPH lose energy gain energyWhen electrons are removed from water, protons are liberated. Does this occur in the stroma or inside the thylakoid lumen? Can protons move directly across the membrane? Describe the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts.
- During the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, the solar energy absorbed by the chlorophyll in the photosystems is used to do what two things? pull H+ ion into a gradient in the thylakoids break apart water to replace electron in the photosystem II energize ATP synthase to make ATP for the Calvin-Benson cycle move electrons down the transport chain to NADP+ to form NADPH excite electrons to leave the chlorophyll moleculesIn what part of chloroplasts do the coupled redox reactions occur? stroma membrane thylakoid membrane intermembrane space thylakoid lumen stromaDuring light-generated photosynthesis reaction pH is lowered in 1. Thylakoid lumen 2. Thylakoid stroma 3. Chloroplast intermembrane space 4. Cytoplasm