Procedure to complete a Pechmann condensation: Ethyl acetoacetate (7.8 mmol), resorcinol (7.3 mmol) and amberlyst 15 (0.5 g) are mixed in a 25 mL E-flask. In another E-flask, ethanol (15 mL) is added and in a third E-flask water (20 mL). All three E-flasks are heated on a heating plate to approximately 80°C. The reaction mixture is occasionally mixed until the reaction mixture stops bubbling and a gray-white solid is formed. When the reaction is finished, warm ethanol (2 mL) is added to dissolve the solids. The solution is transferred to a clean E-flask using a Pasteur pipette. An additional two portions of warm ethanol (2 mL each) is used to ensure all product is transferred. The solution is warmed up again to ensure all solids are dissolved. To the resulting solution, hot water is portionwise added until the solution starts becoming cloudy. The solution is slowly cooled to room temperature and the precipitate is filtered off and washed with water. (74% yield) Question: Analyze synthesis with respect to reagents and product Reaction catalyst? Environmentally friendly reagents
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Procedure to complete a Pechmann condensation:
Ethyl acetoacetate (7.8 mmol), resorcinol (7.3 mmol) and amberlyst 15 (0.5 g) are mixed in a 25 mL E-flask. In another E-flask, ethanol (15 mL) is added and in a third E-flask water (20 mL). All three E-flasks are heated on a heating plate to approximately 80°C. The reaction mixture is occasionally mixed until the reaction mixture stops bubbling and a gray-white solid is formed. When the reaction is finished, warm ethanol (2 mL) is added to dissolve the solids. The solution is transferred to a clean E-flask using a Pasteur pipette. An additional two portions of warm ethanol (2 mL each) is used to ensure all product is transferred. The solution is warmed up again to ensure all solids are dissolved. To the resulting solution, hot water is portionwise added until the solution starts becoming cloudy. The solution is slowly cooled to room temperature and the precipitate is filtered off and washed with water. (74% yield)
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Analyze synthesis with respect to reagents and product
Reaction catalyst? Environmentally friendly reagents?
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