Problem 3. Let G be a group. Let e Є G be the identity element, and x = G is an element of finite order |x| < ∞. 3.1. Show that the subset suppose that (x) = = {xa a Є Z}

Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
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ChapterP: Prerequisites: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
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Problem 3. Let G be a group. Let e Є G be the identity element, and
x = G is an element of finite order |x| < ∞.
3.1. Show that the subset
suppose that
(x)
=
= {xa a Є Z} <G
is an abelian group, with group operation obtained by restricting that of G.
3.2. Let mЄ Z be an arbitrary integer, and let 0 < r < |x| be the remainder of m
upon division by |x|. Show that x = x².
3.3. Show that if m₁, m2 € Z satisfy 0 ≤ m₁ < m2 < |x|, then x™1 ± xm².
Conclude that (x)| = |x| and |x| ≤ |G|.
Transcribed Image Text:Problem 3. Let G be a group. Let e Є G be the identity element, and x = G is an element of finite order |x| < ∞. 3.1. Show that the subset suppose that (x) = = {xa a Є Z} <G is an abelian group, with group operation obtained by restricting that of G. 3.2. Let mЄ Z be an arbitrary integer, and let 0 < r < |x| be the remainder of m upon division by |x|. Show that x = x². 3.3. Show that if m₁, m2 € Z satisfy 0 ≤ m₁ < m2 < |x|, then x™1 ± xm². Conclude that (x)| = |x| and |x| ≤ |G|.
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