Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 Fе₂03 Component Cao Fe₂O3 Al₂O3 SiO₂ (CaO +1.5 Mg0 – 0.7 S03)100 2.85 Si0₂ +1.18 Al203 +0.65 Fe203 = 2 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above čement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials MgO CO₂ Limestone,% 54.5 0.42 0.83 1.72 0.85 41.68 100 Clay, % 7.13 7.68 17.15 55.14 92 2.16 10.74 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0 , 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂ . The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement c. Lime-silica ratio
Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 Fе₂03 Component Cao Fe₂O3 Al₂O3 SiO₂ (CaO +1.5 Mg0 – 0.7 S03)100 2.85 Si0₂ +1.18 Al203 +0.65 Fe203 = 2 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above čement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials MgO CO₂ Limestone,% 54.5 0.42 0.83 1.72 0.85 41.68 100 Clay, % 7.13 7.68 17.15 55.14 92 2.16 10.74 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0 , 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂ . The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement c. Lime-silica ratio
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
Related questions
Question
Transcribed Image Text:Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following
specifications:
Lime Saturation Ratio:
-
(CaO +1.5 Mg0 - 0.7 SO3)100
2.85 SiO₂ + 1.18Al2O3 + 0.65 Fe₂03
92
Iron Ratio =
Al₂O3
= 2
Fe₂03
Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt
Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable
The above cement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw
materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight.
Analysis of Raw Materials
Component
Limestone,%
Clay, %
CaO
54.5
7.13
Fe₂O3
0.42
7.68
Al₂O3
0.83
17.15
SiO₂
1.72
55.14
MgO
0.85
2.16
CO₂
41.68
10.74
100
100
In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H,
1.7% S, 2.2% 0, 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on
a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH.
The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂. The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially
pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the
desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate:
a. The composition of Portland cement
b.
Hydraulic modulus of cement
Lime-silica ratio
C.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 24 images
Recommended textbooks for you
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781259696527
Author:
J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780133887518
Author:
H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:
Prentice Hall
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781259696527
Author:
J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed…
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780133887518
Author:
H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:
Prentice Hall
Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9781285061238
Author:
Lokensgard, Erik
Publisher:
Delmar Cengage Learning
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:
9780072848236
Author:
Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Companies, The