Polyphenols have been shown to have important health benefits. We can talk more about polyphenol structure in Chem 432, but at the right I show part of the structure of polyphenols. Note that there are three OH groups, #1, #2, and #3. They are not all equally strong Brønsted-Lowry acids. By drawing and showing the most important resonance structures, and using <20 words of explanation, indicate the relative acidity of the three OH groups.

Polyphenols have been shown to have important health benefits. We can talk more about polyphenol structure in Chem 432, but at the right I show part of the structure of polyphenols. Note that there are three OH groups, #1, #2, and #3. They are not all equally strong Brønsted-Lowry acids. By drawing and showing the most important resonance structures, and using <20 words of explanation, indicate the relative acidity of the three OH groups.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Lithium diisopropylamide is a strong, nonnucleophilic base. It is often freshly prepared by treating a certain reactant with n-butyllithium (n-BuLi). Draw the starting material and draw the product (lithium diisopropylamide). Include any charges, but you do not need to draw electron pairs. Deduce the starting material. Draw hydrogens Draw lithium diisopropylamide. bonded to nitrogen where applicable. Select Draw Rings More Erase Select Draw Rings More Erase H N Li H N
Rank the following organic molecules in order of decreasing acidity. That is, select '1' in the second column for the most acidic molecule, '2' for the next most acidic molecule, and so on. HO HO Jl. CI OH OH (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) ▼ (Choose one) ▼ X
Could I please have help with number 4 only. •Butanoic God + water Carboxylate ien Write a chemical equation using full structures which represents the reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide. acid base reaction, which - produce weter and Cctate lon 9 OU acete-cob:H3C-COOH HaC- -oTH+OH C -C- Nat sodium-hugrovide: AaCH reaction H3C-CoOH + NaCH • H3C - COO -Net + Ha0 4. Draw the full structure of octyl acetate (a component of orange flavor) and label the "acid" and "alcohol" portions of this ester.
A mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids generates the nitroniium ion, +NO₂ (mechanism provided), which can react with benzene to form nitrobenzene via electrophilic aromatic substitution. Using the provided mechanism that forms the nitronium ion, give a full curved-arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction shown below, indicate the Lewis and Bronsted acids/bases at each step as appropriate (LA, LB, BA, BB) and include all important resonance contributors at any ionic intermediates. To preview the image click here : OH O-N+ S-OH HNO3 H₂SO4 OH₂ NO₂ O=N=O + HSO4 nitronium ion electrophile
3. According to the Evan's pKa table, phenol has a pka of 9.95. p-Nitro and m-nitrophenol have pKas of 7.14 and 8.35 respectively. Using resonance structures, explain the observed trends in the acidity of these molecules. OH .NO2 OH HO
Using curved arrows, show the mechanism for the acid-base reaction. Be sure to show all lone pair electrons as well as non-zero formal charges.
Interpret the IR, UV, NMR, and mass spectra of carboxylic acids, and use spectralinformation to determine their structures.
Ammonia, NH3, is also a weak base with K, = 1.8x10-5. Which of the following is the best explanation for why triethylamine is a stronger base than ammonia? O The three ethyl groups on triethylamine are more electronegative than the hydrogens on ammonia and make triethylamine a stronger base. The hydrogens on ammonia are more electronegative than the ethyl groups on triethylamine, making ammonia a weaker base than triethylamine. The three ethyl groups on triethylamine that replace hydrogens on ammonia are electron rich and donate electron density to the N making triethylamine a stronger base. The question as stated is incorrect, ammonia is a stronger base than triethylamine because of the bigger lone pair of electrons on the N of ammonia compared to the N on triethylamine.
a) If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3) 3N] is 10.75, what should be the molarity of this solution? (CH3) 3N + H2O ↔ (CH3) 3NH + + OH-, Kb = 6.3 × 10-5 b) What will be the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 8.35 g of aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3 + Cl-) in 750 mL of 0.215 M aniline (C6H5NH2)? Is this solution an effective buffer? Explain (Kb = 7.4 × 10-10 for aniline, C: 12.0 g / mol, H: 1.0 g / mol, N: 14.0 g / mol, Cl: 35.4 g / mol) .
Nitration of an aromatic ring involves an electrophilic substitution reaction. Draw the structure of the electrophile that is attacked by the aromatic ring and the intermediate formed after attachment of the electrophile to the ring. Be sure to show formal charges.
You are planning to carry out a reaction that produces protons. The reaction will be buffered at pH = 10.5. Would it be better to use a protonated methylamine/methylamine buffer or a protonated ethylamine/ethylamine buffer? (pKa of protonated methylamine = 10.7; pKa of protonated ethylamine = 11.0)
6. Predict the position of the equilibrium and calculate the equilibrium constant, Keq, for the following acid-base reaction. CH3NH₂+ + CH3COO- CH3NH₂ + CH3COOH methylamine acetic acid acetate ion pK₂ = 4.74 methylammonium ion pK₂ = 10.64