Please observe the tetrad of duplicated homologous chromosomes. Have a single crossover take place involving only two of the four chromatids between the B/b alleles and the D/d alleles. The crossover must take place between non sister chromatids. What combinations of alleles are now present on the chromatids?
Please observe the tetrad of duplicated homologous chromosomes. Have a single crossover take place involving only two of the four chromatids between the B/b alleles and the D/d alleles. The crossover must take place between non sister chromatids. What combinations of alleles are now present on the chromatids?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Please observe the tetrad of duplicated homologous chromosomes. Have a single crossover take place
involving only two of the four chromatids between the B/b alleles and the D/d alleles. The crossover must take place between non sister chromatids. What combinations of alleles are now present on the chromatids?
Transcribed Image Text:The provided image appears to be a diagram illustrating homologous chromosomes and the concept of alleles.
**Description of the Diagram:**
1. **Homologous Chromosome Pairs:**
- The image shows two sets of homologous chromosomes.
- Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing the same genes, but possibly different alleles, which are versions of those genes.
2. **Appearance:**
- There are two pairs of chromosomes shown in the diagram.
- Each pair consists of two chromosomes that are depicted as long chains of connected circles. Each circle represents a segment of the chromosome or a gene locus.
3. **Color Coding and Labels:**
- The top pair of chromosomes is colored blue. The top chromosome of this pair has alleles denoted by capital letters "B" and "D," while its homologous partner has alleles "B" and "D" as well.
- The bottom pair of chromosomes is colored red. The top chromosome of this pair has alleles denoted by lowercase letters "b" and "d," while its homologous partner has alleles "b" and "d" as well.
4. **Centromere:**
- Each pair of chromosomes is connected in the center by a constricted region known as the centromere, where the two chromatids (the replicated chromosomes) are joined.
**Educational Content:**
1. **Homologous Chromosomes:**
- In sexually reproducing organisms, chromosomes exist in pairs called homologous chromosomes. Each pair is composed of one chromosome from each parent.
2. **Alleles:**
- Alleles are different versions of a gene that are found at the same position (locus) on a chromosome. The diagram shows the locations of alleles for two different genes, labeled as "B/b" and "D/d." The uppercase letters (B and D) typically represent the dominant alleles, while the lowercase letters (b and d) represent the recessive alleles.
3. **Gene Variations:**
- Each homologous chromosome can carry different alleles of a gene. For example, one chromosome may carry the dominant allele "B," while its partner may carry the recessive allele "b."
4. **Importance of Meiosis:**
- During meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated into different gametes (sperm or egg cells), which ensures genetic diversity in offspring. The combination
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