please get a report. I want you to explain to m
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Name of a report STRENGTH OF MATERIALS LABORATORY COMPRESSION TEST Hi sir, I know your precious time will be taken, please get a report. I want you to explain to me one or two pages is enough for me, dear sir, by solving the last schedule, may God help you and grant you God bless you
Transcribed Image Text:1. Introduction
A compression test is conducted in a manner similar to tensile test, except that the
force is compressive and the specimen contracts along the direction of stress. By
convention, a compressive force is taken to be negative, which yields a negative
stress, compressive strains are also negative. Tensile tests are more common
because they are easier to perform; also, for most materials used in structures
application, very little additional information is obtained from compressive test.
STRENGTH OF M ATERIALS
ABORAT ORY COMPRESSION TEST
2. Theory
When a material is subjected to compressive loading, the relationship between
stress and strain is similar to that obtained for a tensile loading. Up to a certain
value of stress, the material behaves elastically, i.e. stress is in proportion to strain.
Beyond this value, plastic flow starts, i.e. more strain starts than happening in
elastic limit for any increment value of loading. It is seen that a compression test is
more difficult to be conducted than standard tensile test due to (i) specimen must
have larger cross-sectional area to resist any buckling due to bending, (ii) the
specimen undergoing strain hardening as deformation proceeds, and (iii) cross-
section of the specimen increases with deformation, thereby requiring substantial
increase in the required load. The lateral instability due to buckling action can be
avoided by keeping the ratio of height (h) to diameter (d) of the specimen less than
2. The compressive strength essentially depends open h' to d' ratio. Hence,
higher is 'h' to 'd' ratio, lower is the compressive strength.
(-) strain
(*) strain
- The compressive test is the opposite of the tensile test, as follows:
1- The area under pressure is square, rectangular or eircular.
2- In this test, we calculate a percentage of swelling and a percentage of
contraction.
3- This experiment is conducted on brittle materials.
4- In this experiment there are no yield points.
3. Objective of the Experiment
Observe the stress strain behavior of the metals under compression load.
Determine the strength and other properties of various materials.
Studying the relationship between force (p) and contraction.
Proving and studying the relationship between strain (E) and stress (6).
Studying the concept of mechanical properties of solid materials.
4. Difference Between Tensile and Compression Test
Tension test is normally conducted to obtain the mechanical properties of
Metals. It is the primary test used for quality control and the basis for
acceptance and refusal of metallie products used in construction and other
uses.
Compression test is used to obtain the mechanical properties and is the basis
acceptance and refusal of brittle nonmetallic and other materials that have
very low strength in tension like concrete, wood, masonry, etc.
Transcribed Image Text:AL-ESRAA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
6 من إجمالي 7
P = The magnitude of the applied force (N).
AL = amount of shrinkage of the sample (mm).
- Relationship between agitation and stress
According to Hooke's law, the stress is directly proportional to the strain, and the
proportionality coefficient is called the modulus of elasticity or the Youngs
modulus (Modulus of Elasticity).
• O=ExE.
.. .3
P
.........6
Ac
Ac
%D
Lo+AL
€r = In(1 + €g)
Shrinkage percentage % *
0-L
Lo
Af-Ao
Swelling percentage %*
Lo
> H,-99.8mm. L-40mm
> A, = 1600 mm2
Force
(N)
W.-40mm
AL
E- a/e
A
ET
(mm)
4200
0.02
2.625
0.000200401 13098.75
1599.679423 2.625526052 0.000200381
S000 0.175 3.125
8000 0.295
12000 0.35 2.625
0.001753507 1782.142857 1597.1993
0.002955912 1691.525424 1595.28448 5.014779559 0.002951552
0.000200401 13098.75
3.130479709 0.001751971
5
1599.679423 2.625526052 0.000200381
16000
0.4
20000
24000
0.45
0.5
Strength of Materials
Dr. Maad Abdullah Hussein
AL-ESRAA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
28000 0.55
32000
0.6
36000
0.65
40000
0.7
44000
0.75
48000
0,8
52000
0.87
56000
0.93
60000
64000
1.07
68000
1.15
80000
1.37
84000
1.47
88000
1.57
92000
1.77
96000
2.07
96600
2.45
88000
2.65
86000
2.8
84000
2.9
82000
3
80000
3.07
72000
3.25
H,- 97.75mm
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