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Magnetic field is a vector quantity. It depends upon both magnitude and direction. On the application of a weak external magnetic field, the electrons present inside the atom around the nucleus localize their motion in particular regions called as domains and generate an individual magnetic field of their own in the direction opposite to the direction of the applied magnetic field. The sum of the intensities of the magnetic fields generated by the electrons around the nucleus opposes the intensity of the applied external weak magnetic field and reduces the magnitude. Hence, the net magnetic field experienced by the protons is equal to the difference of the intensity of the applied magnetic field and the generated local magnetic field. This is referred to as the shielding of the protons. The shielding varies from one nucleus to another nucleus and this is the reason behind different protons resonating at different frequencies.
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