phage can be "induced" as a result of DNA damage. Consequences o induction include O Temperate phage, e.g lambda phage; lytic cycle and transduction O Lytic T4 phage, assembly, conjugation O Lytic phage, e.g. T4 phage; lysogenic cycle, prophage formation O Temperate phage, e.g. lambada phage, prophage formation, transformation
Genetic Recombination
Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.
Microbial Genetics
Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.
Viruses that infect bacterial cells are called bacteriophages. Very similar to animal viruses, these viruses dock with bacterial cell surface protein using their envelope and inject their genome into the bacterial cell. T4 phage and lambda phage are some of the most understood bacteriophages.
Both of these phages are often manipulated by biotechnologists as vectors to deliver desired gene inside bacterial cells. The life cycle and infection process of lambda phage is different from that of T4 phage.
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