Paynesville Corporation manufactures and sells a preservative used in food and drug manufacturing. The company carries no inventories. The master budget calls for the company to manufacture and sell 104,000 liters at a budgeted price of $105 per liter this year. The standard direct cost sheet for one liter of the preservative follows. Direct materials Direct labor (2 pounds @$6) (0.5 hours @ $28) $12 14 Variable overhead is applied based on direct labor hours. The variable overhead rate is $40 per direct-labor hour. The fixed overhead rate (at the master budget level of activity) is $12 per unit. All non-manufacturing costs are fixed and are budgeted at $1.4 million for the coming year. At the end of the year, the costs analyst reported that the sales activity variance for the year was $354,000 unfavorable.
Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
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Exercise 16-46 (Algo) Fixed Cost Variances (LO 16-6)
Paynesville Corporation manufactures and sells a preservative used in food and drug manufacturing. The company carries no
inventories. The master budget calls for the company to manufacture and sell 104,000 liters at a budgeted price of $105 per liter this
year. The standard direct cost sheet for one liter of the preservative follows.
Direct materials
Direct labor
(2 pounds @ $6)
(0.5 hours @ $28)
$12
14
Variable overhead is applied based on direct labor hours. The variable overhead rate is $40 per direct-labor hour. The fixed overhead
rate (at the master budget level of activity) is $12 per unit. All non-manufacturing costs are fixed and are budgeted at $1.4 million for the
coming year.
At the end of the year, the costs analyst reported that the sales activity variance for the year was $354,000 unfavorable.
The following is the actual income statement (in thousands of dollars) for the year.
Sales revenue
$10,498
Less variable costs
Direct materials
Direct labor
Variable overhead
1,168
1,310
1,930
$ 4,408
Total variable costs
Contribution margin
Less fixed costs
Fixed manufacturing overhead
Non-manufacturing costs
Total fixed costs
060 9 $
1,370
1,250
$ 2,620
$ 3,470
Operating profit
Required:
What are the fixed overhead price and production volume variances for Paynesville? (Enter your answers in whole dollars. Indicate
the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, or "U" for unfavorable. If there is no effect, do not select either option.)
Fixed overhead price variance
Fixed overhead production volume variance
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Problem 16-72 (Algo) Variance Computations with Missing Data (LO 16-5, 6)
The following information is provided to assist you in evaluating the performance of the production operations of Studio Company:
Units produced (actual)
Master production budget
Direct materials
Direct labor
Overhead
Standard costs per unit
Direct materials
Direct labor
Variable overhead
Actual costs
Direct materials purchased and used
Direct labor
57,000
$127,380
108,080
167,910
$1.65 x 2 gallons per unit of output
$14 per hour x 0.2 hour per unit
$12.50 per direct labor-hour
$150,960 (81,600 gallons)
134,231 (9,980 hours)
177,200 (61% is variable)
Overhead
Variable overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor-hours.
Required:
Calculate all variable production cost price and efficiency variances and fixed production cost price and production volume variances.
(Do not round intermediate calculations. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, or "U" for unfavorable.
If there is no effect, do not select either option.)
Efficiency Variance
Production Volume
Variance
Price Variance
Direct materials
Direct labor
F
F
Variable overhead
F
F
Fixed overhead
F](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F545d3834-a5db-45cc-8507-ed3c86d11a26%2Ffb7983ac-4a08-48f1-9f3a-43359b3c81ef%2Fkooc5zj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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