Part A. Depression affects many people. 25 out of 100 people with untreated depression will lose at least one friendship while not receiving treatment. On the other hand, when people with depression are treated with medication and counseling, only 2 out of 100 will lose at least one friendship during treatment. The absolute risk reduction is Answer: Blank % - Blank % = Blank percentage points
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- A substance abuse counselor wants to demonstrate the effect of situational stress on alcohol cravings. He recruits two groups of men who are similar in respect to history of alcohol use and demographic variables. He divides them in to two groups. In one group(n=11), the men are exposed to a stressful situation and then asked to complete a measure rating their alcohol cravings on a scale from 0-10, where 0 representsno cravings and 10 represents intense cravings. In the second group (n=10), the men are exposed to a neutral situation and asked to complete the same measure. What test and graph should I create to find out if a stressful situation result in more intense alcohol cravings than a non-stressful situation?Some scientists believe that the sickle-cell trait lowers the risk of developing malaria. To explore this belief, 398 children in Africa were tested for the sickle-cell trait and malaria. The results are presented in Table 1 Test, at the 5% level of significance, whether there is an association between the sickle- cell trait and malaria. Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Step 5: Step 6:ANOVA. Dr. Milgramm is conducting a patient satisfaction survey, rating how well her patients like her on a scale of 1-10. Her patients tend to fall into three categories: “Like a lot”, “like somewhat”, and “dislike a lot”. She believes that she might get different satisfaction scores from people in each group, but (because she's not great at numbers) she wants you to do an ANOVA to be sure. She has collected data from 12 patients (three equal groups) with the following results. Group 1) “Like a lot” Mean: 8 SS: 2 N: df: Group 2) “Like somewhat” Mean: 5 SS: 6 N: df: Group 3) “Dislike a lot” Mean: 2 SS: 4 N: df: Grand Mean: df Within-Group:__________ df Between-Groups:___________ Estimated Variance (S21) for Group 1: _______ Estimated Variance (S22) for Group 2: ___________ Estimated…
- The absolute measure of association for a case-control study is the odds ratio. Justify your answer.2. If a value represents the 65th percentile, this means that: A.there is a 65% chance that this value is correct.B.this value will occur 65% of the time.C.65% of all values are less than or equal to the value.D.65% of all values are greater than the value.Socially conscious investors screen out stocks of alcohol and tobacco makers, firms with poor environmental records, and companies with poor labor practices. Some examples of "good," socially conscious companies are Johnson and Johnson, Dell Computers, Bank of America, and Home Depot. The question is, are such stocks overpriced? One measure of value is the P/E, or price-to-earnings ratio. High P/E ratios may indicate a stock is overpriced. For the S&P Stock Index of all major stocks, the mean P/E ratio is ? = 19.4. A random sample of 36 "socially conscious" stocks gave a P/E ratio sample mean of x = 17.7, with sample standard deviation s = 5.2. Does this indicate that the mean P/E ratio of all socially conscious stocks is different (either way) from the mean P/E ratio of the S&P Stock Index? Use ? = 0.05. (a) What is the level of significance?State the null and alternate hypotheses. H0: ? = 19.4; H1: ? < 19.4H0: ? ≠ 19.4; H1: ? = 19.4 H0: ? = 19.4; H1: ? ≠ 19.4H0: ?…
- An economist wonders if corporate productivity in some countries is more volatile than in other countries. One measure of a company's productivity is annual percentage yield based on total company assets.A random sample of leading companies in France gave the following percentage yields based on assets. 4.6 5.4 3.4 3.1 2.4 3.5 2.8 4.4 5.7 3.4 4.1 6.8 2.9 3.2 7.2 6.5 5.0 3.3 2.8 2.5 4.5 Use a calculator to verify that the sample variance is s2 ≈ 2.109 for this sample of French companies.Another random sample of leading companies in Germany gave the following percentage yields based on assets. 3.3 3.2 3.2 4.1 5.4 5.5 5.0 5.4 3.2 3.5 3.7 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.2 4.7 3.2 Use a calculator to verify that s2 ≈ 1.077 for this sample of German companies.Test the claim that there is a difference (either way) in the population variance of percentage yields for leading companies in France and Germany. Use a 5% level of significance. How could your test conclusion relate to the…GSS 2018 respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement to the statement, “Differences in income in America are too large.” Responses were measured on a 5-point scale: 1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree. Strong Democrats had an average score of 1.69 (s = 1.04, N = 86) while strong Republicans had an average score of 2.11 (s = 1.05, N = 67). The estimated standard error of the difference between meansis 0.17. What is the appropriate test statistic? Why? Test the null hypothesis with a one-tailed test (strong Democrats are more likely to agree with the statement than strong Republicans); α = .05. What do you conclude about the difference in attitudes for these two political groups? If you conducted a two-tailed test with α = .05, would your decision have been different?Socially conscious investors screen out stocks of alcohol and tobacco makers, firms with poor environmental records, and companies with poor labor practices. Some examples of "good," socially conscious companies are Johnson and Johnson, Dell Computers, Bank of America, and Home Depot. The question is, are such stocks overpriced? One measure of value is the P/E, or price-to-earnings ratio. High P/E ratios may indicate a stock is overpriced. For the S&P Stock Index of all major stocks, the mean P/E ratio is ? = 19.4. A random sample of 36 "socially conscious" stocks gave a P/E ratio sample mean of x = 17.8, with sample standard deviation s = 5.8. Does this indicate that the mean P/E ratio of all socially conscious stocks is different (either way) from the mean P/E ratio of the S&P Stock Index? Use ? = 0.05. I need help with sketching (d) and (e)
- Hurricane Andrew swept through southern Florida causing billions of dollars of damage. Because of the severity of the storm and the type of residential construction used in this semitropical area, there was some concern that the average claim size would be greater than the historical average hurricane claim of $25,500. Several insurance companies collaborated in a data gathering experiment. They randomly selected 26 homes and sent adjusters to settle the claims. In the sample of 26 homes, the average claim was $28,000 with a population standard deviation of $6300. Is there sufficient evidence at a 0.01 significance level to support the claim that the home damage is greater than the historical average? Assume the population of insurance claims is approximately normally distributed. Step 1 of 3: State the null and alternative hypotheses for the test. Fill in the blank below. Ho 25,500 Ha H. 25,500snipAn economist wonders if corporate productivity in some countries is more volatile than in other countries. One measure of a company's productivity is annual percentage yield based on total company assets.A random sample of leading companies in France gave the following percentage yields based on assets. 4.3 5.1 3.8 3.6 2.2 3.5 2.8 4.4 5.7 3.4 4.1 6.8 2.9 3.2 7.2 6.5 5.0 3.3 2.8 2.5 4.5 Use a calculator to verify that the sample variance is s2 ≈ 2.042 for this sample of French companies.Another random sample of leading companies in Germany gave the following percentage yields based on assets. 3.3 3.9 3.7 4.6 5.1 5.5 5.0 5.4 3.2 3.5 3.7 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.2 4.7 3.2 Use a calculator to verify that s2 ≈ 1.024 for this sample of German companies.Test the claim that there is a difference (either way) in the population variance of percentage yields for leading companies in France and Germany. Use a 5% level of significance. How could your test conclusion relate to the…