What is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle? What happens to each product?OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION:3A) Thoroughly explain the biological significance of NADH/H* and FADH₂ and their roles inoxidative phosphorylation.3B) Describe and diagram the general pathway of the electrons from NADH/H+ and FADH2 to 02during the electron transport chain.3C) What is "chemiosmotic coupling", and what is its relationship to ATP synthesis?3D) During oxidative phosphorylation, what is oxidized and what is phosphorylated?

All life forms require energy. We obtain this energy from the food we eat. It is the highly reduced…

Answered: OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION: 3A)…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Focusing on the mechanism linking complex I and ATP synthase depicted in figure 3 in the article, compare that hypothetical mechanism to the classical presentation described in textbooks. What are the major differences between this mechanism and Peter Mitchel’s original chemiosmotic theory? What are the similarities.
(b) Metabolic state of cells and organism can be associated with inmplication of ATP and NADH. Explain this relationship.
The major control enzyme in glycolysis is: a) hexokinase b) phosphofructokinase c) aldolase d) pyruvate kinase In step 4, when fructose-1,6-biphosphate is cleaved, the two molecules formed are: a) GAP and DHAP b) GAP and 3-PG c) 3-PG and 2-PG d) PEP and pyruvate NAD is used in which step? A) conversion of DHAP to GAP b) conversion of GAP to 1,3-BPG c) conversion of 1,3-BPG to 3-PG d) conversion of PEP to pyrunate The number of ATP molecules formed at the substrate level in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5 The number of ATP molecules formed indirectly via oxidative phosphorylation in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5
Which of the following is the best definition of oxidative phosphorylation? Question 4 options: A) Electrons are passed through a series of carriers to O2 B) A proton gradient allows hydrogen ions to flow back into the cells through transmembrane protein channels, releasing energy that is used to generate ATP C) ATP is directly transferred from a substrate to ADP D) Electrons are passed through a series of carriers to an organic compound
Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) in the inner mitochondrialmembrane catalyzes the reaction NADH + NADP+ → NAD+ + NADPH to generate the NADPH needed for certain reactions that help destroy reactive oxygen species. (a) Explain why the NNT reaction cannot be driven primarily by the diff erence in substrate reduction potentials (Δℰ). (b) In fact, the NNT reaction is driven by proton translocation across the membrane (from outside to inside). How does operation of the transhydrogenase aff ect the effi ciency of oxidative phosphorylation?
2.5 What is Chemio-osmotic gradient, and what is its importance in Metabolism 2.6 Glycolysis split Glucose into 2 Puryvate, where does a) Initial split, which Intermediate/s involved, b) which enzyme is involved and c) products produced....... 2.7 In ATP generation. Glycolysis does produce some ATPs, where does the bulk of ATP produced in the complete Oxidative? catabolic step/s and explain how? 3.1 Peter has been playing Volley Ball for 2hours now and he is very tired. He is now going home to rest. Answer the questions that follows from the scenario given: a) How will the process of Glycolysis be affected in this condition of Rest b) Explain his ATP at this stage of Rest d) How will the process of TCA cycle/Creb cycle be for Peter now at his rest d) The condition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH) at this point of rest e) How will the state PFK (phospho fructo kinase) be at the beginning of his play (5) 3.2 NADH is mostly transported through which complexes in ETC (electron transport…
6. AG of ATP hydrolysis to ADP and phosphate at 25°C is-30.5 kJ/mol. It means: A) ATP is fast hydrolyzed in aqueous solution, either catalytically or non-catalytically B) at equilibrium concentration of ADP and phosphate are much higher than concentration of ATP C) equilibrium constant for ATP hydrolysis is much less than one reaction of ATP hydrolysis is endergonic D) E) without proper enzyme hydrolysis of ATP does not occur If you have 100 ml. of gastric juice,
The formation of acetyl CoA... A) occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, after moving across the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane. B) occurs in the cytoplasm prior to transport into the mitochondrial matrix. C) involves activation of acyl groups derived from pyruvate. D) A and C E) B and C
Pls help
(a) NAD+ kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of NAD+ to NADP+. How many reducing equivalents are involved in this reaction? (b) How many reducing equivalents are involved in the conversion of ferric ion to ferrous ion? (c) How many reducing equivalents are involved in reducing one molecule of oxygen gas to water?
a.Write the balanced reactions catalyzed by complex I, II, III, and 1V, and using these, write the balanced net reaction for the electron transport chain. Structures are not necessary. b. Write the balanced reaction for the ATP synthase reaction. c. Write the net reaction for Oxidative phosphorylation showing the ATP produced from NADH oxidation and FADH2 oxidation. (this is in your text) d. Write the balanced reaction for ATP production by aerobic metabolism starting with glucose.
In mitochondria, the respiratory chain converts the potential energy of oxidized carbon into an electrochemical gradient that drives oxidative phosphorylation. Identify the full biochemical names for each of the four complexes of the respiratory chain. Intermembrane space H+ Q NADH NAD+H+ H+ FADH₂ FAD + H+ III II Q III cyt c cyt c H+ H₂O IV Answer Bank Matrix H+ H+ IV H₂O succinate dehydrogenase complex NADH dehydrogenase complex cytochrome oxidase cytochrome bc1 complex

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