Organism Characteristic A В E Morphology Rod Rod Coccus Coccus Rod Motile Yes Yes No No Yes Gram Reaction Gllucose Utilization Oxid. Ferm. Ferm. Ferm. None % G+C 58-70 50-51 30-40 47-52 58-70 Cytochrome oxidase Present Absent Absent Present Present

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.