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Online Discussion Questions (Choose one of the following). 1. What kind of reasons can you give for the inverse relationship between Bullying by peers and GPA? 2. Are you surprised that the relationship between mathematics and reading is direct? Explain. 3. In your opinion, does the Pearson r of –26 prove that being exposed to community violence causes lower GPAS? 'Schwartz, D., & Gorman, A. H. (2003). "Community violence exposure and children's academic functioning". Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 163–173. Copyright © 2003 by the American Psychological Association. Reproduced with permission.

Online Discussion Questions (Choose one of the following). 1. What kind of reasons can you give for the inverse relationship between Bullying by peers and GPA? 2. Are you surprised that the relationship between mathematics and reading is direct? Explain. 3. In your opinion, does the Pearson r of –26 prove that being exposed to community violence causes lower GPAS? 'Schwartz, D., & Gorman, A. H. (2003). "Community violence exposure and children's academic functioning". Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 163–173. Copyright © 2003 by the American Psychological Association. Reproduced with permission.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Table 1: Bivariate Correlations Among All Variables** - **Variables** - Violence Exposure: 1. Community violence exposure 2. Bullying by peers - Academic Functioning: 3. SAT-9 Mathematics 4. SAT-9 Reading 5. GPA **Correlation Values:** | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |--------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----| | **1** | — | .20 | -.24| -.14| -.26| | **2** | | — | -.19| -.07| -.25| | **3** | | | — | .60 | .64 | | **4** | | | | — | .49 | | **5** | | | | | — | **Online Discussion Questions (Choose one of the following):** 1. What kind of reasons can you give for the inverse relationship between Bullying by peers and GPA? 2. Are you surprised that the relationship between mathematics and reading is direct? Explain. 3. In your opinion, does the Pearson r of -.26 prove that being exposed to community violence causes lower GPAs? *Footnote:* Schwartz, D., & Gorman, A. H. (2003). ‘Community violence exposure and children’s academic functioning’. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 163–173. Copyright © 2003 by the American Psychological Association. Reproduced with permission.
Transcribed Image Text:**Table 1: Bivariate Correlations Among All Variables** - **Variables** - Violence Exposure: 1. Community violence exposure 2. Bullying by peers - Academic Functioning: 3. SAT-9 Mathematics 4. SAT-9 Reading 5. GPA **Correlation Values:** | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |--------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----| | **1** | — | .20 | -.24| -.14| -.26| | **2** | | — | -.19| -.07| -.25| | **3** | | | — | .60 | .64 | | **4** | | | | — | .49 | | **5** | | | | | — | **Online Discussion Questions (Choose one of the following):** 1. What kind of reasons can you give for the inverse relationship between Bullying by peers and GPA? 2. Are you surprised that the relationship between mathematics and reading is direct? Explain. 3. In your opinion, does the Pearson r of -.26 prove that being exposed to community violence causes lower GPAs? *Footnote:* Schwartz, D., & Gorman, A. H. (2003). ‘Community violence exposure and children’s academic functioning’. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 163–173. Copyright © 2003 by the American Psychological Association. Reproduced with permission.
**Community Violence Exposure and Children's Academic Functioning** **STATISTICAL GUIDE** The title of Table 1 in the excerpt below refers to bivariate correlations—a term often used by researchers. The prefix bi- means two. Hence, bivariate refers to the fact that there are two variables involved in each correlation coefficient in the table. A large majority of correlations in the research literature are bivariate correlations. So, researchers sometimes drop bivariate, and just use the word correlation alone. Still, using bivariate correlation is more precise than just using correlation. Bivariate correlations are often presented in tables like the one below. To read the table, pay attention to the variable numbers, which are in bold. 1 refers to "Community violence exposure," both in the column going down and the row going across. **BACKGROUND NOTE** Note that in Table 1 of the excerpt, SAT–9 stands for the Ninth Edition of the Stanford Achievement Test, a standardized test that is widely used nationally. **EXCERPT FROM THE RESEARCH ARTICLE** Participants were recruited from an elementary school located in an urban section of Los Angeles County. The families living in the surrounding neighborhoods have been conceptualized as "working poor" in recent demographic studies of the Los Angeles region. All children in 16 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade classrooms from the participating school were invited to take part in the project. Of these children, 80% returned positive parental permission and assented to participate. Children completed the Community Experiences Questionnaire on community violence exposure. The measure ranges in severity from threats to shootings; the 4-point scale ranges from 1 (never) to 4 (a lot of times). A second inventory contained four items assessing bullying by peers (“kids get hit or pushed by other kids,” “kids who get bullied or picked on by other kids,” “kids who have mean things said about them by other kids,” and “kids who get left out of fun games or play when other kids are trying to hurt their feelings”).
Transcribed Image Text:**Community Violence Exposure and Children's Academic Functioning** **STATISTICAL GUIDE** The title of Table 1 in the excerpt below refers to bivariate correlations—a term often used by researchers. The prefix bi- means two. Hence, bivariate refers to the fact that there are two variables involved in each correlation coefficient in the table. A large majority of correlations in the research literature are bivariate correlations. So, researchers sometimes drop bivariate, and just use the word correlation alone. Still, using bivariate correlation is more precise than just using correlation. Bivariate correlations are often presented in tables like the one below. To read the table, pay attention to the variable numbers, which are in bold. 1 refers to "Community violence exposure," both in the column going down and the row going across. **BACKGROUND NOTE** Note that in Table 1 of the excerpt, SAT–9 stands for the Ninth Edition of the Stanford Achievement Test, a standardized test that is widely used nationally. **EXCERPT FROM THE RESEARCH ARTICLE** Participants were recruited from an elementary school located in an urban section of Los Angeles County. The families living in the surrounding neighborhoods have been conceptualized as "working poor" in recent demographic studies of the Los Angeles region. All children in 16 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade classrooms from the participating school were invited to take part in the project. Of these children, 80% returned positive parental permission and assented to participate. Children completed the Community Experiences Questionnaire on community violence exposure. The measure ranges in severity from threats to shootings; the 4-point scale ranges from 1 (never) to 4 (a lot of times). A second inventory contained four items assessing bullying by peers (“kids get hit or pushed by other kids,” “kids who get bullied or picked on by other kids,” “kids who have mean things said about them by other kids,” and “kids who get left out of fun games or play when other kids are trying to hurt their feelings”).
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