One of Mendel's most significant results was the conclusion that genes determining different characteristics are transmitted independently. In pea plants, Mendel found that round peas (r) are a dominant trait over wrinkled peas (w). Mendel crossbred a group of (rr, yy) peas with a group of ( ww ,gg) peas. In t his notation, rr denotes a pea with two "round" genes and ww denotes a pea with two "wrinkled" genes. The first generation were either (rw,yg) , (rw ,gy) , (wr, yg), or (wr, gy) plants with both hybrid shape and hybrid color. Breeding among the first generation yielded second-generation plants in which genes for each characteristic were equally likely to be either dominant or recessive. What is the probability P [Y] that a second-generation pea plant has yellow seeds? What is the probability P [R] that a second-generation plant has round peas? Are R and Y independent events? How many visibly different kinds of pea plants would Mendel observe in the second generation? What are the probabilities of each of these kinds?
One of Mendel's most significant results was the conclusion that genes determining different characteristics are transmitted independently. In pea plants, Mendel found that round peas (r) are a dominant trait over wrinkled peas (w). Mendel crossbred a group of (rr, yy) peas with a group of ( ww ,gg) peas. In t his notation, rr denotes a pea with two "round" genes and ww denotes a pea with two "wrinkled" genes. The first generation were either (rw,yg) , (rw ,gy) , (wr, yg), or (wr, gy) plants with both hybrid shape and hybrid color. Breeding among the first generation yielded second-generation plants in which genes for each characteristic were equally likely to be either dominant or recessive. What is the probability P [Y] that a second-generation pea plant has yellow seeds? What is the probability P [R] that a second-generation plant has round peas? Are R and Y independent events? How many visibly different kinds of pea plants would Mendel observe in the second generation? What are the probabilities of each of these kinds?
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