One ecologically important equilibrium is that between carbonate and hydrogencarbonate (bicarbonate) ions in natural water. (a)The standard Gibbs energies of formation of CO32-(aq) and HCO3-(aq) are -52781 kJ mol-1, and -586.77 kJ mol-1, respectively. What is the standard potential of the HCO3-/CO3-,H2 couple? (b) Calculate the standard potential of a cell in which the cell reaction is Na2CO3(aq) + H2O(I) → NaHCO3(aq) + NaOH(aq). (c) Write the Nernst equation for the cell and (d) predict and calculate the change in potential when the pH is changed to 7.0. (e) Calculate the value of pKa for HCO3-(aq).

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