Modular Programming:Your program should be modular and consists of the following functions:a) read():- Ask the user for a valid atomic number (Z)b) compute_binding_energy(Z, table):- Build the table (a list of lists) of binding energy where the columns are:the mass number (A), the binding energy (Eb) and the binding energy pernucleon (BEN), while the rows range from A = Z to A = 4Z c) most_stable(table) : - Find and return the row that contains the highest binding energy pernucleon, which corresponds to the most stable configuration.d) print_table(table):- Print the table in a neat tabular format as shown in the sample run infigure 2.e) write_to_file(table, file_name):- Save the table in a text file output.txt as shown in figure 3.4f) main():- The main function is set up to make the calls to the functions asspecified in points a) to e) 1. Problem Description:The total nuclear binding energy is the energy required to split a nucleus of anatom in its component parts: protons and neutrons, or, collectively, the nucleons.It describes how strongly nucleons are bound to each other. When a high amountof energy is needed to separate the nucleons, it means nucleus is very stableand the neutrons and protons are tightly bound to each other.The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) is the number of protons foundin the nucleus of an atom. The sum of the atomic number Z and the number ofneutrons N gives the mass number A of an atom.+ Binding energySeparated nucleons(greater mass)Nucleus(smaller mass)Figure 1: Binding Energy in the NucleusThe approximate nuclear binding energy Eb in million electron volts, of an atomicnucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A is calculated using thefollowing formula:(A - 22)?as2Eb = a,A – a,A3- az 1A3AAZwhere, a, =15.67, a, = 17.23, a, = 0.75, a, = 93.2 , andActivate Win if A is oddif A and Z are both evenif A is even and Z is Odda5 =12.0-12.0The binding energy per nucleon (BEN) is calculated by dividing the bindingenergy (Eb) by the mass number (A).You are asked to write a program that requests the user for a valid atomicnumber (Z) then goes through all values of A from A = Z to A = 4Z. For example,if the user inputs 5 for Z then A will be all numbers from 5 (Z) to 20 (4 Z)inclusive, see the example output in figure 2.If the user enters invalid atomic number that is not between 1 and 118, theprogram should give the user another chance to enter a valid input as shown infigure 2.Your main task is to find the nucleus with the highest binding energy per nucleon,which corresponds to the most stable configuration (figure 2), and writes a copyof the table to a text file named output.txt (figure3).In [25]: runfile('/Users/hamzazidoum/Documents/2101/2101 52021/Programming Assignments/PA4/pa4_nuclear.py, wdir='/Users/hamzazidoum/Documents/2101/2101_S2021/Programming Assignments/PA4')>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: 0>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: -120>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118): 200>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: 5bindingenergybinding energyper Nucleon-448.996-226.62382.990-3.77847.11164.2281A 245-89.799-37.77111.8560.4725.2356.4236 386Activate WCo to Sertings8.10

Answered: odular Programming: Your program should…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

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Modular Programming: Your program should be modular and consists of the following functions: a) read(): - Ask the user for a valid atomic number (Z) b) compute_binding_energy(Z, table): - Build the table (a list of lists) of binding energy where the columns are: the mass number (A), the binding energy (Eb) and the binding energy per nucleon (BEN), while the rows range from A = Z to A = 4Z c) most_stable(table) : - Find and return the row that contains the highest binding energy per nucleon, which corresponds to the most stable configuration. d) print_table(table): - Print the table in a neat tabular format as shown in the sample run in figure 2. e) write_to_file(table, file_name): - Save the table in a text file output.txt as shown in figure 3. 4 f) main(): - The main function is set up to make the calls to the functions as specified in points a) to e)

1. Problem Description:
The total nuclear binding energy is the energy required to split a nucleus of an
atom in its component parts: protons and neutrons, or, collectively, the nucleons.
It describes how strongly nucleons are bound to each other. When a high amount
of energy is needed to separate the nucleons, it means nucleus is very stable
and the neutrons and protons are tightly bound to each other.
The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) is the number of protons found
in the nucleus of an atom. The sum of the atomic number Z and the number of
neutrons N gives the mass number A of an atom.
+ Binding energy
Separated nucleons
(greater mass)
Nucleus
(smaller mass)
Figure 1: Binding Energy in the Nucleus
The approximate nuclear binding energy Eb in million electron volts, of an atomic
nucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A is calculated using the
following formula:
(A - 22)?
as
2
Eb = a,A – a,A3
- az 1
A3
A
AZ
where, a, =
15.67, a, = 17.23, a, = 0.75, a, = 93.2 , and
Activate Win

if A is odd
if A and Z are both even
if A is even and Z is Odd
a5 =
12.0
-12.0
The binding energy per nucleon (BEN) is calculated by dividing the binding
energy (Eb) by the mass number (A).
You are asked to write a program that requests the user for a valid atomic
number (Z) then goes through all values of A from A = Z to A = 4Z. For example,
if the user inputs 5 for Z then A will be all numbers from 5 (Z) to 20 (4 Z)
inclusive, see the example output in figure 2.
If the user enters invalid atomic number that is not between 1 and 118, the
program should give the user another chance to enter a valid input as shown in
figure 2.
Your main task is to find the nucleus with the highest binding energy per nucleon,
which corresponds to the most stable configuration (figure 2), and writes a copy
of the table to a text file named output.txt (figure3).
In [25]: runfile('/Users/hamzazidoum/Documents/2101/2101 52021/
Programming Assignments/PA4/pa4_nuclear.py, wdir='/Users/hamzazidoum/
Documents/2101/2101_S2021/Programming Assignments/PA4')
>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: 0
>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: -120
>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118): 200
>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) [1,118]: 5
binding
energy
binding energy
per Nucleon
-448.996
-226.623
82.990
-3.778
47.111
64.228
1A 245
-89.799
-37.771
11.856
0.472
5.235
6.423
6 386
Activate W
Co to Sertings
8.
10

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