None Moderate Severe Caddisfly 6 2 0 Dragonfly 2 11 1 Mayfly 5 2 0 Crayfish 3 16 7 Stonefly 11 1 0 Sowbug 4 8 5 Rif Beetle 4 1 0 Worm 1 5 20 W. Penny 8 3 0 Black Fly 7 3 4 Gill Snail 0 0 0 Midge 6 5 4 Dobsonfly 5 4 2 Leech 5 3 1 Cranefly 8 7 4 Lung Snail 7 11 15 Table 1: Data Collection from stream Use the Simpson’s Diversity Index to determine the effect of pollution on the level of biodiversity.  Remember the formula is:  Diversity Index = 1-Σ(n/N)^2 Record that information here:  Pollution Level  Simpson’s Diversity Index Species Richness None     Moderate     Severe     Use this information to produce a graph comparing the biodiversity indices of the stream with varying levels of pollution.   Which level of pollution would you invest time and resources into restoring, and why?

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Animal Phylogeny

Cladistics is a method of biological classification where organisms are classified based on their ancestors and their relationship with them. It is defined as the concepts and methods for determining the branching patterns of evolution and evolutionary history. Some scientists, however, have preferred the term phylogenetic systematics or phylogenetic taxonomy to emphasize the reliance on a phylogeny for classification. It is the most common and accepted method for classifying organisms.