Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity

Transcribed Image Text:Below are the chemical structures of four different substituted aniline derivatives. Each compound consists of a benzene ring (a hexagon with alternating double bonds) with an amine group (-NH3+) attached, and a different substituent group on the ring:
1. **Compound I**:
- The benzene ring has a nitro group (-NO2) attached to it.
- The amine group is protonated to form an ammonium ion (-NH3+).
2. **Compound II**:
- The benzene ring does not have any additional substituents aside from the protonated amine group (-NH3+).
3. **Compound III**:
- The benzene ring has a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to it.
- The amine group is protonated to form an ammonium ion (-NH3+).
4. **Compound IV**:
- The benzene ring has a methyl group (-CH3) attached to it.
- The amine group is protonated to form an ammonium ion (-NH3+).
These structures demonstrate how different substituents on the benzene ring can potentially influence the properties and reactivity of aniline derivatives.
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