Name the three primary structures of a neuron and explain the function of the nerve cell processes.
Name the three primary structures of a neuron and explain the function of the nerve cell processes.
The nervous system in the human body is responsible for controlling all the body parts through transmission of nerve impulses. In humans, the nervous system contains two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The human central nervous system is mainly composed of the brain and the spinal cord. It regulates all the sensory and the motor working aspects of the body parts. The peripheral nervous system contains nerves which are responsible for connection of CNS to every other body part.
The specialized cells which make up the nervous system are the neurons and the glial cell. The neurons have a special ability to get excited via acting potential. The cell to cell communication between the neurons is achieved by the action potential. The glial cells provide nutrition to nerves and are responsible for formation of myelin sheath around axons which acts as an insulator during electrical nerve signal transmission.
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