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N₂ vapor Tair The boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. If the temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted, then any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m³ at 1 atm. Consider a 3.3-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 15°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 34 W/m²- °C. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank (in kg/s) as a result of heat transfer from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.036 W/m-°C) and (c) insulated with 3-cm thick super-insulation which has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00004 W/m-°C. 1 atm Liquid N₂ -196°C Answers: a) not insulated: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of Evaporation = kg/s b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW kg/s kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places) Insulation

N₂ vapor Tair The boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. If the temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted, then any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m³ at 1 atm. Consider a 3.3-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 15°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 34 W/m²- °C. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank (in kg/s) as a result of heat transfer from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.036 W/m-°C) and (c) insulated with 3-cm thick super-insulation which has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00004 W/m-°C. 1 atm Liquid N₂ -196°C Answers: a) not insulated: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of Evaporation = kg/s b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW kg/s kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places) Insulation

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
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N₂ vapor Tair The boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. If the temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted, then any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m³ at 1 atm. Consider a 3.3-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 15°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 34 W/m²- °C. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank (in kg/s) as a result of heat transfer from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.036 W/m-°C) and (c) insulated with 3-cm thick super-insulation which has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00004 W/m-°C. 1 atm Liquid N₂ -196°C Answers: a) not insulated: • ΣR = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of Evaporation = kg/s b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of evaporation = kg/s c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places) Insulation
Transcribed Image Text:N₂ vapor Tair The boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. If the temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted, then any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m³ at 1 atm. Consider a 3.3-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 15°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 34 W/m²- °C. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank (in kg/s) as a result of heat transfer from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.036 W/m-°C) and (c) insulated with 3-cm thick super-insulation which has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00004 W/m-°C. 1 atm Liquid N₂ -196°C Answers: a) not insulated: • ΣR = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of Evaporation = kg/s b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = kW • Rate of evaporation = kg/s c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places) Insulation
Answers: a) not insulated: ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of Evaporation = b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW kg/s kW kg/s kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places)
Transcribed Image Text:Answers: a) not insulated: ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of Evaporation = b) 7-cm thick fiberglass insulation: • ER = °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = c) 3-cm thick super-insulation: • ER= °C/W • Heat Transfer Rate = • Rate of evaporation = kW kg/s kW kg/s kW x 10-5 kg/s (in scientific notation; 4 decimal places)
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