Methanol is synthesized from carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a catalytic reactor. The fresh feed to the process contains 32.0 mole% CO, 64.0% H2, and 4.0% N2. This stream is mixed with a recycle stream in a ratio 5 mol recycle/1 mol fresh feed to produce the feed to the reactor, which contains 13.0 mole % N2. A low single-pass conversion is attained in the reactor. The reactor effluent goes to a condenser from which two streams emerge: a liquid product stream containing essentially all the methanol formed in the reactor, and a gas stream containing all the CO, H2, and N2 leaving the reactor. The gas stream is split into two fractions: one is removed from the process as a purge stream, and the other is the recycle stream that combines with the fresh feed to the reactor. (a) Write the basis of calculation. (b) Draw and label a flowchart. (c) Write the chemical reaction equation. (d) Carry out a degree of freedom analysis based on molecular species balances, atomic species balances and extent of reaction. (e) Setup and solve the mass balance equations for determining the production rate of methanol, the molar flow rate and composition of the purge gas, and the overall and single-pass conversion. b7 1o0 kmol/h FF Cнон: Mz Kmoyh Reactor condenser N= 43 KmgL' Coi 32 kmoyh Н, 64 Кeyh Nz=4 Kmol/h R =500 kmouh Purge Co IHz

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Distillation

Distillation is a process/technique to separate more volatile components from less volatile components using the principle of relative volatility. In chemical engineering, distillation is one of the most common and important topics that is involved in almost every industry and process.