Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
![**DNA and RNA Structure and Synthesis: Key Questions**
1. **Direction of Synthesis in DNA/RNA:**
- In DNA and RNA chains, synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction. This means that nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing chain.
2. **Intermolecular Forces in DNA:**
- DNA is double-stranded. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.
3. **Chromosomes and Nucleosomes:**
- Chromosomes are composed of chromatin, which is made up of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around histone proteins.
4. **Rosalind Franklin's Contribution:**
- Watch the Nova documentary, "The Secret of Image 51," or read the Nature article on Rosalind Franklin. Write a short summary and your reaction to her contributions to the discovery of the DNA structure.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fee84958d-1cf3-4c16-ad59-254d32937f21%2Fcca5554e-f775-45af-815f-a9cd9ff2fec6%2Fy7dojwa_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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