Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 4,400 units of product were as follows: Standard Costs Actual Costs Direct materials 5,700 lb. at $4.70 5,600 lb. at $4.50 Direct labor 1,100 hrs. at $17.00 1,130 hrs. at $17.20 Factory overhead Rates per direct labor hr., based on 100% of normal capacity of 1,150 direct labor hrs.: Variable cost, $4.80 $5,230 variable cost Fixed cost, $7.60 $8,740 fixed cost Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor. Required: a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Direct materials price variance $ Direct materials quantity variance Total direct materials cost variance $ b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Direct labor rate variance $ Direct labor time variance Total direct labor cost variance $ c. Determine variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Variable factory overhead controllable variance $ Fixed factory overhead volume variance Total factory overhead cost variance $
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory
| Standard Costs | Actual Costs | ||
| Direct materials | 5,700 lb. at $4.70 | 5,600 lb. at $4.50 | |
| Direct labor | 1,100 hrs. at $17.00 | 1,130 hrs. at $17.20 | |
| Factory overhead | Rates per direct labor hr., | ||
| based on 100% of normal | |||
| capacity of 1,150 direct | |||
| labor hrs.: | |||
| Variable cost, $4.80 | $5,230 variable cost | ||
| Fixed cost, $7.60 | $8,740 fixed cost |
Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor.
Required:
a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
| Direct materials price variance | $ | |
| Direct materials quantity variance | ||
| Total direct materials cost variance | $ |
b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
| Direct labor rate variance | $ | |
| Direct labor time variance | ||
| Total direct labor cost variance | $ |
c. Determine variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total
| Variable factory overhead controllable variance | $ | |
| Fixed factory overhead volume variance | ||
| Total factory overhead cost variance | $ |
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