List three types of chemical reactions that prepare drug molecules for excretion from the body.

Q: In pharmacology, which drug classification is associated with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase…

A: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme found largely in the nervous system that breaks down the…

Q: Read this article and answer the following question There are 3 different Metformin ER products…

A: There are mainly 3 forms of Metformin ER products available which are: ​Glucophage XR Glumetza ER…

Q: What are some of the forces that control the strength of interaction between a drug and a receptor?

A: Some of the forces that control the strength of interactions between a drug and a receptor include :…

Q: Give two COX inhibitors. Why does COX inhibitors act as blood thinner, and antipyretic drugs?

A: Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme present in the blood vessels and muscle tissues, primarily involved in…

Q: Fill at least 7 Drugs in these special drug Classfications: Schedule I Schedule II Schedule III…

A: The goal of drug classification is to ensure that the drug is used safely and for the best benefit…

Q: explain why the protein binding of the drug is not correlated with the distribution or elimination…

A: Many drugs form drug macromolecule complexes by interacting with plasma, tissue proteins, or other…

Q: Explain why body fluids pH can affect drug absorption and distribution.

A: pH can be defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ions. Normal pH scale is between acidic to…

Q: What is the reason why essential drugs need to be accessilble for all people?

A: WHO defines Essential drugs, as the drugs that satisfy the priority helathcare needs of the people.…

Q: List the factors affecting the passage of drugs across cell membranes.

A: Factors affecting drugs: Physiological factors that alter the providence of medications in the body…

Q: Why are Pharmacological effects are of great importance in medicine?

A: Pharmacological effects are considered to be associated with the target and these are the…

Q: The clinical effectiveness of a drug majorly depends on: a. Clearance b. Potency c. Affinity to…

A: A drug is a natural or synthetic chemical substance that has a physiological effect when introduced…

Q: The desire steady state concentration of a drug is 5mg/l. Clearance of the drug is 30l/hr and its…

A: Drug clearance is considered the rate at which the active drug is removed out of the body, where the…

Q: Give some examples of antihistamines. How do they work? Please provide the structure of the…

A: Histamines are molecules produced from immune cells like mast cells, basophils, etc. They are…

Q: Describe the different types of trials a new drug must undergo before it is “ready for market.”

A: A drug is a chemical substance that produces a biological effect. When the drug is taken by…

Q: he mechanism of action of a “statin” drug. What are some of the complications that could occur from…

A: Statins include Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, rosuvastatin , Pravastatin etc. Statins act by inhibiting…

Q: In what cellular process does the drug target play a role?

A: Cells are separated from their surroundings by the cell membrane.

Q: How can we describe the way a drug flows from one part of the body to another?

A: The administration of drugs is dependent on their availability and their course of action. It is…

Q: Distinguish between reversible and irreversible inhibitors.

A: Enzyme inhibition can be defined as a molecule that suppresses the normal activity between an enzyme…

Q: How would severe kidney or liver damage affect bloodlevels of a drug?

A: The kidneys and the liver are two of the most essential organs of the human body. The functions of…

Q: what are essential drugs?

A: Health is considered as the fundamental human right and the most important social goal all over the…

Q: Why is the use of first-generation H1-antihistamines discouraged in clinical practice today?

A: H1 antihistamines are the anti allergens prescribed in the treatment of allergic symptoms such as…

Q: Identify which categories of drugs are most selectively toxic and why.

A: An antibiotic is a sort of antimicrobial substance dynamic against microbes. It is the main sort of…

Q: Describe the effects of a class of pharmaceuticals called the statins on patients.

A: Another name of statins is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. The drugs which are included in this…

Q: how do excretion of drug will be modulated to extend the drug action in our body? explain briefly?

A: Drugs are the chemical molecules, which acts on our body to bring back the normal physiological…

Q: What are oligonucleotide drugs?

A: oligonucleotide drugs or Antisense oligonucleotides are are a short stretch of single stranded DNA…

Q: what are the facilitated transport system for drug absorption?

A: Drug absorption refers to the phenomenon of the drug molecules to enter into the blood circulation…

Q: What is drug metabolism? How many types of metabolism are there? Please explain.

A: A drug is a chemical substance that is used to treat, cure, or prevent a disease or medical…

Q: Which of the following examples will have longer lasting physiological responses to drug: Group of…

A: The physiological responses to drugs can vary greatly depending on the specific drug and the system…

Q: How you would design a system that would measure the blood level of a certain molecule and release a…

A: The human body consists of varied very important organs that are interconnected and have a unique…

Q: Describe the process through which hippuric acid is formed in the body. Please explain the…

A: Introduction Hippuric acid is a kind of acid. Knoop discovered the formation of Hippuric acid during…

Q: Which of the following systems receives major portions of a drug rapidly due to a high volume of…

A: Here's why:- Liver: The liver receives a significant blood supply through both the hepatic artery…

Q: When two antimicrobial drugs are used at the same time, antagonistic effects can occur. Which of the…

A: When two or more drugs are used together, there happens to be some interactions between the drugs…

Q: B) Schedule II C) Schedule IV

A: The drugs are classified based on their medical use, risk of abuse and other factors. Scheduled…

Q: A patient has been monitored after coma due to over pills consumption as prescribed. A doctor…

A: There are different types of drug testing methods like: blood test hair test urine test sweat test…

Q: The desire steady state concentration of a drug is 5mg/l. Clearance of the drug is 30 l/hr and its…

A: Drugs may be administered to patients by any of the following routes, as suitable- oral, topical or…

Q: following items dose in micro-grama) Amlodipine b) Ceftrixone c) Ceftazidime

A: Micro gram is the international system of units, that unit of mass equal to one-millionth of a gram.…

Q: Which organ is most resposible for metabolism of drugs?

A: Drug is a chemical substance. This is used to prevent, treat or to diagnose the disease condition or…

Clinical Pharmacology

Pharmacology is a discipline of medicine that studies how medications interact with the systems and processes of living organisms, focusing on drug action mechanisms as well as therapeutic and other purposes.