List the possible interactions in proteins that would affect ∆G.
Proteins
We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.
Protein Expression
The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.
List the possible interactions in proteins that would affect ∆G.

The proteins must fold into its proper three dimensional structure in order to gain biological function.
The folding of proteins is a thermodynamically favorable process. The folded structure of proteins are held together by noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction and Van der Waals interaction).
The covalent interaction that stabilizes the covalent structure of proteins are the disulfide linkages between the sulfydryl groups in the side chain of cysteine residues.
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