Electron Affinity
When an element undergoes a chemical reaction, it either gains energy or loses energy. This gain or loss of energy is due to the phenomena that occur at atomic level. During reaction, atoms either gain electrons from other atoms or lose electrons to other atoms, and in that process, energy is produced.
P-Block Elements
Elements which are present on the right side of the periodic table are called p-block elements. In addition to the noble gases, they include the families of boron, mercury, nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine. These elements have diverse real-life implementations that we regularly experience around us.
Metals and Non-metals
The periodic table is composed of metals, semi-metals and nonmetal elements. The physical and chemical properties of metals and nonmetals differ from each other. The study of metals and nonmetals will help one to understand the appropriate application of the particular element.
![**Activity: Understanding Atomic Structure**
**Objective:** List the number of total electrons, valence electrons, core electrons, and protons for each of the following atoms:
1) Aluminum (Al)
2) Neon (Ne)
3) Hydrogen (H)
4) Magnesium (Mg)
5) Oxygen (O)
**Instructions:**
- For each element, identify and record the total number of electrons.
- Determine the number of valence electrons, which are found in the outermost shell.
- Calculate the core electrons by subtracting the valence electrons from the total electrons.
- Note the number of protons, equal to the atomic number of each element.
By completing these steps, students will gain deeper insights into atomic structure and electron configuration.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Feae085a8-ea4f-4428-b500-5448b8b8dd69%2Fafe95adf-4f38-4930-84ad-ffa0adc6b2a3%2F0xra24i_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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