States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
When copper (II) chloride reacts with sodium nitrate, copper (II) nitrate and sodium chloride are formed.
CuCl2 + 2 NaNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaCl
a. If 15 grams of copper (II) chloride react with 20. grams of sodium nitrate, how much sodium chloride can
be formed?
b. What is the limiting reactant?
c. How many grams of copper (II) nitrate is formed?
d. How much of the excess reagent is left over in this reaction?
e. If 11.3 grams of sodium chloride are formed in the reaction, what is the percent yield of this reaction?
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