le. .The largest cyclotron in the United States is the Tevatron at Fermilab, near Chicago, Illinois. It is called a Tevatron because it can accelerate particles to energies in the TeV range (1.00 teratera −eV = 1.00×1012 eV ). Its circumference is 6.40 km , and it currently can produce a maximum energy of 2.00 TeV . In a certain medical experiment on the T

le. .The largest cyclotron in the United States is the Tevatron at Fermilab, near Chicago, Illinois. It is called a Tevatron because it can accelerate particles to energies in the TeV range (1.00 teratera −eV = 1.00×1012 eV ). Its circumference is 6.40 km , and it currently can produce a maximum energy of 2.00 TeV . In a certain medical experiment on the T

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Question

A cyclotron particle accelerator (sometimes called an “atom smasher” in the popular press) is a device for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons and protons, to speeds close to the speed of light. The basic design is quite simple. The particle is bent in a circular path by a uniform magnetic field. An electric field is pulsed periodically to increase the speed of the particle. .The largest cyclotron in the United States is the Tevatron at Fermilab, near Chicago, Illinois. It is called a Tevatron because it can accelerate particles to energies in the TeV range (1.00 teratera −eV = 1.00×10¹² eV ). Its circumference is 6.40 km , and it currently can produce a maximum energy of 2.00 TeV . In a certain medical experiment on the Tevatron, protons will be accelerated to energies of 1.25 MeV and aimed at a tumor to destroy its cells.

How fast are these protons moving when they hit the tumor?

How strong must the magnetic field be to bend the protons in the circle indicated?

Definition Definition Rate at which light travels, measured in a vacuum. The speed of light is a universal physical constant used in many areas of physics, most commonly denoted by the letter c . The value of the speed of light c = 299,792,458 m/s, but for most of the calculations, the value of the speed of light is approximated as c = 3 x 10 8 m/s.

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can you please ans (a) (b) (c)?
**12. In 1932, Ernest Lawrence invented the cyclotron, in which a strong vertical magnetic field acted on high-speed protons. As the protons gained energy, they spiraled out into hori- zontal circular paths of greater and greater radii (see the note above). In the original cyclotron the radius of the outer circle was 35 cm. Find the magnetic field strength required to turn the path of a proton moving at 2 × 107 m/s into a circle of radius 35 cm. [Hint: The charge and mass of the proton can be found in Appendix B.]
The cyclotron at TRIUMF accelerates protons from a central injection point outward along an increasing spiral path. Magnets direct the protons around and around until they travel outwards far enough to leave the magnetic field. The protons reach a final speed of 1.1×108 m/s when they leave the cyclotron. Suppose inside the cyclotron there is a uniform magnetic field downwards, with strength 0.4 T. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force, in piconewtons, on the proton at the moment it leaves the cyclotron? Assume the proton is travelling eastwards when that happens. Answer in piconewtons. Also state what direction was the force on the proton the moment it left the magnetic field. Be clear and show all your work.
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