Lab Data You have not titrated to the endpoint Initial volume of buret (mL) Mass of KHP (g) Observations turned purple Final volume of buret (mL) Volume of NaOH (mL) Concentration of NaOH (M) 1.90 1.300 How to calculate sodium hydroxide concentration ESET -29 -30 -31 -32 -33 MY NOTES A LAB DATA SHOW LABELS 1 Turn on stir plate PHASE 6: Titration 2 Start titration by adding sodium hydroxide to Erlenmeyer flask 4 Complete the following steps: 3 Record your observations in Lab Data 5 6 Stop titration t endpoint. Record final buret volume and volume of NaOH in Lab Data Turn off stir plate Calculate molarity of NaOH solution. Record concentration in Lab Data

Lab Data You have not titrated to the endpoint Initial volume of buret (mL) Mass of KHP (g) Observations turned purple Final volume of buret (mL) Volume of NaOH (mL) Concentration of NaOH (M) 1.90 1.300 How to calculate sodium hydroxide concentration ESET -29 -30 -31 -32 -33 MY NOTES A LAB DATA SHOW LABELS 1 Turn on stir plate PHASE 6: Titration 2 Start titration by adding sodium hydroxide to Erlenmeyer flask 4 Complete the following steps: 3 Record your observations in Lab Data 5 6 Stop titration t endpoint. Record final buret volume and volume of NaOH in Lab Data Turn off stir plate Calculate molarity of NaOH solution. Record concentration in Lab Data

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter15: Acid-base Equilibria

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 107AE: A student intends to titrate a solution of a weak monoprotic acid with a sodium hydroxide solution...

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Sketch the titration curve for a weak acid titrated by a strong base. When performing calculations concerning weak acidstrong base titrations, the general two-slep procedure is to solve a stoichiometry problem first, then to solve an equilibrium problem to determine the pH. What reaction takes place in the stoichiometry part of the problem? What is assumed about this reaction? At the various points in your titration curve, list the major species present after the strong base (NaOH, for example) reacts to completion with the weak acid, HA. What equilibrium problem would you solve at the various points in your titration curve to calculate the pH? Why is pH 7.0 at the equivalence point of a weak acid-strong base titration? Does the pH at the halfway point to equivalence have to be less than 7.0? What does the pH at the halfway point equal? Compare and contrast the titration curves for a strong acidstrong base titration and a weak acidstrong base titration.
A diprotic acid, H2B(MM=126g/moL), is determined to be a hydrate, H2B xH2O. A 10.00-g sample of this hydrate is dissolved in enough water to make 150.0 mL of solution. Twenty-five milliliters of this solution requires 48.5 mL of 0.425 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point. What is x?
When a diprotic acid. H2A. is titrated with NaOH, the protons on the diprotic acid are generally removed one at a time, resulting in a pH curve that has the following generic shape: a. Notice that the plot has essentially two titration curves. If the first equivalence point occurs at 100.0 mL NaOH added, what volume of NaOH added corresponds to the second equivalence point? b. For the following volumes of NaOH added, list the major species present after the OH reacts completely. i. 0 mL NaOH added ii. between 0 and 100.0 mL NaOH added iii. 100.0 mL NaOH added iv. between 100.0 and 200.0 mL NaOH added v. 200.0 mL NaOH added vi. after 200.0 mL NaOH added c. If die pH at 50.0 mL NaOH added is 4.0 and the pH at 150.0 mL NaOH added is 8.0, determine the values Ka and Ka. for the diprotic acid. d.
Consider a 10.0% (by mass) solution of hypochlorous acid. Assume the density of the solution to be 1.00 g/mL. A 30.0-mL sample of the solution is titrated with 0.419 M KOH. Calculate the pH of the solution (a) before titration. (b) halfway to the equivalence point. (c) at the equivalence point.
Instead of the titration of a strong acid by a strong base considered in Question 5, consider the titration of a strong base by a strong acid. Compare and contrast a strong acidstrong base titration with a strong basestrong acid titration.
Consider a solution formed by mixing 100.0 mL of 0.10 M HA (Ka = 1.0 106), 100.00 mL of 0.10 M NaA. and 100.0 mL of 0.10 M HCl. In calculating the pH for the final solution, you would make some assumptions about the order in which various reactions occur to simplify the calculations. State these assumptions. Does it matter whether the reactions actually occur in the assumed order? Explain.
Calculate the pH during the titration of 50.00 mL of 0.100 M Sr(OH)2 with 0.100 M HNO3 after 0, 50.00, 100.00, and 150.00 mL nitric acid have been added. Graph the titration curve and compare with the titration curve obtained in Exercise 16.22.
A 30.0-mL sample of 0.05 M HClO is titrated by a 0.0250 M KOH solution Ka for HClO is 3.5 108. Calculate a the pH when no base has been added; b the pH when 30.00 mL of the base has been added; c the pH at the equivalence point; d the pH when an additional 4.00 mL of the KOH solution has been added beyond the equivalence point.
Draw the general titration curve for a strong acid titrated by a strong base. At the various points in the titration, list the major species present before any reaction takes place and the major species present after any reaction takes place. What reaction takes place in a strong acidstrong base titration? How do you calculate the pH at the various points along the curve? What is the pH at the equivalence point for a strong acidstrong base titration? Why?
Consider the nanoscale-level representations for Question 111 of the titration of the aqueous strong acid HA with aqueous NaOH, the titrant. Water molecules and Na+ ions are omitted for clarity. Which diagram corresponds to the situation: (a) After a very small volume of titrant has been added to the initial HA solution? (b) Halfway to the equivalence point? (c) When enough titrant has been added to take the solution just past the equivalence point? (d) At the equivalence point? Nanoscale representations for Question 111.
Malonic acid (HO2CCH2CO2H) is a diprotic acid. In the titration of malonic acid w ith NaOH, stoichiometric points occur at pH = 3.9 and 8.8. A 25.00-mL sample of malonic acid of unknown concentration is titrated with 0.0984 M NaOH, requiring 31.50 mL of the NaOH solution to reach the phenolphthalein end point. Calculate the concentration of the initial malonic acid solution. (Sec Exercise 113.)
Enough water is added to the buffer in Question 30 to make the total volume 5.00 L. (a) Calculate the pH of the buffer. (b) Calculate the pH of the buffer after adding 0.0250 mol of HCl to 0.376 L of the buffer. (c) Calculate the pH of the buffer after adding 0.0250 mol of KOH to 0.376 L of the buffer. (d) Compare your answers to Question 30 (a-c) with your answers to (a-c) of this problem. (e) Comment on the effect of dilution on the pH of a buffer and on its buffer capacity. Â