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Is the picture of a fermenter, aerobic respirer, or anaerobic respirer? This is the organisms only Electron Transport Chain. Would this also test to be Cytochrome c Oxidase positive or negative?  Thank you.

Is the picture of a fermenter, aerobic respirer, or anaerobic respirer? This is the organisms only Electron Transport Chain. Would this also test to be Cytochrome c Oxidase positive or negative?  Thank you.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Is the picture of a fermenter, aerobic respirer, or anaerobic respirer? This is the organisms only Electron Transport Chain. Would this also test to be Cytochrome c Oxidase positive or negative? 

Thank you.

The image illustrates the process of electron transport and ATP synthesis in a cellular membrane. The components and their interactions are shown as follows: 1. **Key**: - Dashed blue line: Movement of hydrogen ions (H⁺). - Solid red line: Movement of electrons (e⁻). 2. **Components**: - **NADH Dehydrogenase**: Initiates the process by oxidizing NADH to NAD⁺ and releasing H⁺ ions. - **Ubiquinone**: Transfers electrons between complexes. - **Cytochrome b**: Part of the electron transport chain, facilitates electron movement. - **Nitrate Reductase**: Catalyzes the reduction of nitrate (NO₃⁻) to nitrite (NO₂⁻) using 2H⁺ ions, producing H₂O. - **ATP Synthase**: Uses the energy from the movement of H⁺ ions back into the cytoplasm to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into ATP. 3. **Process**: - Electrons (e⁻) are transferred through the membrane via various complexes (NADH dehydrogenase, ubiquinone, cytochrome b, nitrate reductase) and this transfer is depicted by the red line. - Hydrogen ions (H⁺) are pumped across the membrane, creating a gradient (blue dashed line shows their movement into the extracellular fluid). - ATP synthase allows H⁺ ions to flow back into the cytoplasm, using the resultant energy to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi. 4. **Regions**: - **Cytoplasm**: Site where NADH oxidation begins and where ATP is synthesized. - **Extracellular Fluid**: Site of increased H⁺ concentration due to pumping across the membrane. This image effectively outlines the fundamental steps of electron transport and chemiosmosis leading to ATP production, an essential cellular process.
Transcribed Image Text:The image illustrates the process of electron transport and ATP synthesis in a cellular membrane. The components and their interactions are shown as follows: 1. **Key**: - Dashed blue line: Movement of hydrogen ions (H⁺). - Solid red line: Movement of electrons (e⁻). 2. **Components**: - **NADH Dehydrogenase**: Initiates the process by oxidizing NADH to NAD⁺ and releasing H⁺ ions. - **Ubiquinone**: Transfers electrons between complexes. - **Cytochrome b**: Part of the electron transport chain, facilitates electron movement. - **Nitrate Reductase**: Catalyzes the reduction of nitrate (NO₃⁻) to nitrite (NO₂⁻) using 2H⁺ ions, producing H₂O. - **ATP Synthase**: Uses the energy from the movement of H⁺ ions back into the cytoplasm to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into ATP. 3. **Process**: - Electrons (e⁻) are transferred through the membrane via various complexes (NADH dehydrogenase, ubiquinone, cytochrome b, nitrate reductase) and this transfer is depicted by the red line. - Hydrogen ions (H⁺) are pumped across the membrane, creating a gradient (blue dashed line shows their movement into the extracellular fluid). - ATP synthase allows H⁺ ions to flow back into the cytoplasm, using the resultant energy to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi. 4. **Regions**: - **Cytoplasm**: Site where NADH oxidation begins and where ATP is synthesized. - **Extracellular Fluid**: Site of increased H⁺ concentration due to pumping across the membrane. This image effectively outlines the fundamental steps of electron transport and chemiosmosis leading to ATP production, an essential cellular process.
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