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What two possible compounds might nitrate be reduced to when nitrate is used as the final electron receptor?

What two possible compounds might nitrate be reduced to when nitrate is used as the final electron receptor?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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What two possible compounds might nitrate be reduced to when nitrate is used as the final electron receptor?

you to edit, it's safer to stay in Protected View. Enable Editing day, June 9, 2021, most features of Word will be disabled. Reactivate In lab we will again look at differences among bacteria in their metabolism as a way to distinguish different species. First we will look at anaerobic respiration. When oxygen levels are low, some microbe can use a different compound than oxygen as their final electron acceptor. Sulfate SO,2, carbonate CO,2, and nitrate NO, are all common alternatives, rich in oxygen, which can accept those electrons. In lab this week we will use a nitrate media. Bacteria that reduce nitrate can form nitrite, NO2. Some bacteria go on to reduce nitrite to nitrogen gas, N2, in which all the oxygen atoms have been removed by reduction. This test is more complicated because we must use reagents first to test if there is any nitrite produced (using reagents A and B). If not, then determine if any nitrate is still present or was everything reduced to nitrogen gas (using zinc dust). In the oxidase test we will determine which bacteria have cytochrome c, one version of the important enzyme in the electron transport chain,. This enzyme plays a critical role in all those reaction with NADH, however some bacteria use alternative cytochromes. Thus, this becomes another way to distinguish between species. Lastly, we will conduct the catalase test. As mentioned in lecture, during respiration some of the hydrogen may combine with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide is lethal to many bacteria. To protect themselves, they produce the enzyme catalase to break it down to water and oxygen. We will determine which bacteria produce this useful enzyme. 1. When nitrate is used as the final electron acceptor, what two possible compounds might it be reduced to? 2. What reagent is added to culture in nitrate broth to determine if nitrite is present? 3. What does a positive test with zinc dust mean for nitrate media?
Transcribed Image Text:you to edit, it's safer to stay in Protected View. Enable Editing day, June 9, 2021, most features of Word will be disabled. Reactivate In lab we will again look at differences among bacteria in their metabolism as a way to distinguish different species. First we will look at anaerobic respiration. When oxygen levels are low, some microbe can use a different compound than oxygen as their final electron acceptor. Sulfate SO,2, carbonate CO,2, and nitrate NO, are all common alternatives, rich in oxygen, which can accept those electrons. In lab this week we will use a nitrate media. Bacteria that reduce nitrate can form nitrite, NO2. Some bacteria go on to reduce nitrite to nitrogen gas, N2, in which all the oxygen atoms have been removed by reduction. This test is more complicated because we must use reagents first to test if there is any nitrite produced (using reagents A and B). If not, then determine if any nitrate is still present or was everything reduced to nitrogen gas (using zinc dust). In the oxidase test we will determine which bacteria have cytochrome c, one version of the important enzyme in the electron transport chain,. This enzyme plays a critical role in all those reaction with NADH, however some bacteria use alternative cytochromes. Thus, this becomes another way to distinguish between species. Lastly, we will conduct the catalase test. As mentioned in lecture, during respiration some of the hydrogen may combine with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide is lethal to many bacteria. To protect themselves, they produce the enzyme catalase to break it down to water and oxygen. We will determine which bacteria produce this useful enzyme. 1. When nitrate is used as the final electron acceptor, what two possible compounds might it be reduced to? 2. What reagent is added to culture in nitrate broth to determine if nitrite is present? 3. What does a positive test with zinc dust mean for nitrate media?
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