Is it reasonable to assume that people seek to equate the marginal utility/price ratios of the goods that they purchase, if they have never heard of ‘utility’, let alone ‘marginal utility’, and marginal utility cannot be measured in any absolute way?

Is it reasonable to assume that people seek to equate the marginal utility/price ratios of the goods that they purchase, if they have never heard of ‘utility’, let alone ‘marginal utility’, and marginal utility cannot be measured in any absolute way?

Economics (MindTap Course List)

13th Edition

ISBN:9781337617383

Author:Roger A. Arnold

Publisher:Roger A. Arnold

Chapter20: Consumer Choice: Maximizing Utility And Behavioral Economics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1WNG

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Definition Definition Satisfaction derived from the consumption of an additional unit of any commodity.

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From economic theory, the willingness of a consumer to give up consumption of one commodity (X) in exchange for an increase in some other commodity (Y) and remain equally satisfied can be mathematically calculated as their marginal utility of good X divided by their marginal utility of good Y. What is the economic term for this measure or concept?
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Suppose Lucia has to choose between purchasing high-definition televisions and water. Which of the following is the utility-maximizing rule that Lucia should follow while choosing the optimal quantities of these two goods? (Note: In the answer options that follow, MU stands for "marginal utility.") DO (MU of Water) x (Price of Water) - (MU of HDTVs) x (Price of HDTVs) O MU of Water - MU of HDTVs MU of HDTVs MU of Water Price of HDTVs Price of Water O MU of Water Price of Water MU of HDTVs Price of HDTVs Since water costs little and high-definition televisions are expensive, it must follow that when people choose their optimal quantities of water and high-definition televisions to purchase, the marginal utility they receive from the last high-definition television they buy is than the marginal utility they receive from the last gallon of water they buy.
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You are choosing between two goods, X and Y, and your marginal utility from each is as shown in the following table. If your income is $9 and the prices of X and Y are $2 and $1, respectively, what quantities of each will you purchase to maximize utility? What total utility will you realize? Assume that, other things remaining unchanged, the price of X falls to $1. What quantities of X and Y will you now purchase? Using the two prices and quantities for X, derive a demand schedule (a table showing prices and quantities demanded) for X.
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You are choosing between two goods, X and Y, and your marginal utility from each is as shown in the table below. If your income is $9 and the prices of X and Y are $2 and $1, respectively, what quantities of each will you purchase to maximize utility? What total utility will you realize? Assume that, other things remaining unchanged, the price of X falls to $1. What quantities of X and Y will you now purchase? Using the two prices and quantities for X, derive a demand schedule (price–quantity-demanded table) for X.
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