Is atropine a competitive or a non-competitive antagonist of acetylcholine-induced responses? How did you reach this conclusion
Q: The venom of many cobras contains a potent neurotoxin that binds to ligand-gated Na+…
A: How does the neurotoxin present in cobra's venom affect the the nervous system's ability to…
Q: What are the two classes of neurotransmitter receptors?
A: When the end of the nerve fibre released some chemical substance, then it is called…
Q: What do you think is the muscarinic receptor subtype that has a greater role in generating…
A: Introduction G-coupled protein receptors called muscarinic receptors have a role in the…
Q: What is the structue of dopamin, and suggest the binding interactions of dopamine with the receptor.…
A: The substantia nigra and the hypothalamus are two regions of the brain that release the chemical…
Q: Correct the following false statement: "Any cell that has the acetylcholine receptor will have the…
A: The given statement is FALSE. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter. There are two major classes of…
Q: When the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) binds the acetylcholine receptor (a GPCR) on muscle…
A: Neurotransmitters can cause a variety of responses on different tissues or organs. The receptors…
Q: important neurotransmitter agonists.
A: The signal transduction between the interactions of the ligand with particular receptors as well as…
Q: Is tubocurarine a competitive or a non-competitive antagonist of acetylcholine-induced responses?…
A: Agonists are chemicals that binds to a receptor and produce a physiological response which is…
Q: What is the similarity between the long form of the dopamine type 4 receptor and the more active…
A: Dopamine is produced naturally in human body. Dopamine is a chemical composition that help to…
Q: Someone goes for a jog first thing in the morning and encounters a squadron of javelinas, causing a…
A: GPCRs are also called 7TM (7 transmembrane receptors), they are a very diverse group of…
Q: Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's disease is neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. Most…
A: A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that transmits signals.
Q: What would happen if there is an increase of acetylcholine and serotonin receptor activation in the…
A: Neurons or nerve cells are the cells of the nervous system responsible for carrying and conveying…
Q: hich enzyme degrades acetylcholine?
A: Acetylcholine is an ester of choline and acetic acid that acts as neurotransmitters present within…
Q: A patient has been exposed to the organophosphate pesticide malathion,which inactivates…
A: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a kind of primary enzyme that plays a major role in the hydrolytic…
Q: What is the muscarininc acetylcholine receptor? Where is it expressed?
A: Membrane proteins are proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane. Unsurprisingly, they are…
Q: What is the muscarininc acetylcholine receptor? Where is it expressed?
A: Membrane proteins are proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane. Unsurprisingly, they are…
Q: Put the following events in chronological order. (Some of the steps may be missing.) 1) Ca*+ floods…
A: Synapse is a meeting point in which one neuron is in contact with other neuron so that messages are…
Q: re these True or False? Receptors on the post-synaptic cell membrane that bind the acetylcholine…
A: When two molecules of acetylcholine bind a nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor, a conformational change…
Q: What type of synaptic potential (if any; be sure to indicate if any modification is occurring as…
A: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of medication used to treat depression. Resting…
Q: John Hughes and Hans Kosterlitz identified the endorphin receptor in frogs, and concluded that…
A: Chemicals known as "neurochemicals" have a role in how the brain as well as the nervous system's…
Q: What role does acetylcholinesterase play in Alzheimer's disease?
A: Alzheimer's disease - it is a disease that destroys the memory and other important mental functions…
Q: A GRK inhibitor would have what effect on GPCR inactivation in the presence of a GPCR agonist? (a)…
A: Agonists are substances which mimic the activity of a ligand. The activation of the GPCR triggers a…
Q: The following diagram represents a typical serotonergic synapse. Where, specifically, do…
A: Antidepressants are the medications that are used to relieve symptoms of depression, social anxiety…
Q: Valium and other benzodiazepines enhance function of which synaptic receptors?
A: Receptors are proteins in nature. They are usually located on the surface of the cell. They bind to…
Q: What is acetylcholinesterase? Describe its action.
A: Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme. Enzymes either degrade or synthesize products using various…
Q: Sarin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Draw a mechanism that shows this.
A: Before going into the mechanism by which sarin inhibits acetylcholinesterase, we need to know a bit…
Q: Acetylcholine molecules are actively transported from the axon to their receptors on the muscle…
A: Hi! As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the first question for you. If you…
Q: what is acetylcholinesterase and where is it found?
A: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that plays a key role in relaying signals between nerve…
Q: What is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor? Where is it expressed?
A: Introduction : Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a receptor which responds to the…
Q: Activation of the beta-gamma subunit associated with the Go protein complex would lead to what…
A: Ans) Closing of presynaptic Ca++ channels Option 1 is correct because the activation of the Go…
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- Is tubocurarine a competitive or a non-competitive antagonist of acetylcholine-induced responses? How did you reach this conclusion?John Hughes and Hans Kosterlitz identified the endorphin receptor in frogs, and concluded that animals have a "built in" opioid system. To make sure that endorphins are truly neurochemicals, which of the following question should we ask these gentlemen? Please select all that apply.a) Are endorphins released in response to presynaptic depolarization? b) Do endorphins interact with postsynaptic receptors? c) Are endorphins found in presynaptic cells? d) Are endorphins subject to reuptake?what is acetylcholinesterase and where is it found?
- Sarin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Draw a mechanism that shows this.Propose a mechanism for the conversion of (C) to (D). (Note: It is not acceptable to propose a primary carbocation as an intermediate.)What is the structue of dopamin, and suggest the binding interactions of dopamine with the receptor. Draw a suggested model for the required interactions for agonistic and antagonistic activty in dopamine receptor.
- Propose reagents for the conversion of (B) to (C).The venom of many cobras contains a potent neurotoxin that binds to ligand-gated Na+ channels,causing them to open. Unlike ACh, which binds to and then rapidly unbinds from ligand-gated Na+ channels, the neurotoxin tends to remain bound to ligand-gated Na+ channels. How does this neurotoxin affect the nervous system’s ability to stimulate skeletal muscle contraction? How does it affect the ability of skeletal muscle fibers to respond to stimulation?What is acetylcholinesterase? Describe its action.
- When the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) binds the acetylcholine receptor (a GPCR) on muscle cells, it causes them to contract. ZIGGY, a chemical analog of ACh, also binds to the same acetylcholine receptor on muscle cells, but instead causes the muscle cells to relax. For this reason, it is sometimes prescribed as a muscle relaxer. Explain in 3-4 sentences how ZIGGY could cause muscle relaxation. How can both ZIGGY and ACh bind the same GPCR? And then how can they have different effects on the cells, despite binding to the same receptor on the same cells?A GRK inhibitor would have what effect on GPCR inactivation in the presence of a GPCR agonist? (a) it would decrease it; (b) it would maintain the same rate of inactivation; (c) it would increase it.Correct the following false statement: "Any cell that has the acetylcholine receptor will have the same response as any other cell that also has the acetylcholine receptor when exposed to acetylcholine". Explain why this statement is false.