Intact immunoglobulins as well as free light chains may form multimers. In addition to complicating the interpretation of SPEP and SIFE, multimeric light chains are important in the pathogenesis of: Lytic bone lesions Amyloidosis Hyper-viscosity syndrome Hypogammaglobinemia Hemolytic anemia

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Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.