Instructions: This is a take-home problem to help you practice recent material, and you are welcome to work with any Bio 161 students. If you find the distinct roles for group members helpful, you may use this structure and list those roles above. Please upload your answers by 11:59 pm on Tuesday, November 29. PART 1 1. A hypothetical eukaryotic gene with no introns is pictured. (It is much shorter than an actual gene.) The promoter, the initiation site, and the termination site are shown. a. Which strand is the template strand for transcription of this gene? Circle: Promoter Initiation site БА mRNA sequence: 5'-CTATAAAGAGCATGCAITATCTAGATTAACGGTTGCGAC-3' 3'-GATATTTCTCGTACGTAATAGATCTAATTGCCAACGCTG-5' protein sequence: H₂N TOP BOTTOM BOTH b. Based on the DNA template, write the sequence of the bases of the nucleotides that will be incorporated into the mRNA during transcription. Then, label the 5' and 3' ends of the mRNA, the start codon, stop codon, 5' UTR (untranslated region), and 3¹ UTR. Termination site c. Using a codon table (provided on the last page) and your labeled mRNA, determine the order of amino acids in the protein translated from this mRNA. Write the order of amino acids above, using their three letter abbreviations. Label the N-terminus and C-terminus of the protein. ii. Will the resulting protein be different? If so, how? d. A mutation changes the T/A nucleotides in bold and underlined to C/G instead. i. Will the resulting mRNA be different? If so, how?
DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
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