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Industrial Revolution changed production? This is history.

Industrial Revolution changed production? This is history.

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Based on the image, how the Industrial Revolution changed production? This is history.
Fossil fuels changed how humans utilized energy sources in the modern era. Before the use of fossil fuels for manufacturing, people only harnessed a fraction of the energy from the foods they grew and ate and of the animal energy used to plow their farms. The first people to make fossil fuels central to their economy were the Dutch who burned peat (preserve vegetable matter that had captured energy over a few millennia). While wood allowed access to stores of energy captured over centuries, and peat to energy captured over millennia, coal represented energy stocks built up over eons. People around the world had known of coal's uses for a long time, and Song China had used it on a large scale in its iron industry. London had burned coal for home heating from at least the 13th century. Britain had a lot of coal deposits. But by 1815, annual British coal production allowed for the energy equivalent to what 20 Newcastle hrham Whitehaven eof e Moelend Coal Iron Valends .... times the woodlands of Britain could then have Copper "Lincoln produced. Leed Tin Monganese The Dutch and Chinese had already used coal before. So what made Britain different? Many coal sites within Britain were of not used in the Zine 222 iron industry because coal's impurities made iron weak. But after 1709, Abraham Darby figured out that coke, a purer carbon taken from coal, didn't weaken iron during the heating process. This led to more iron production. But most importantly, the second technical innovation was the steam engine. Earlier forms of the steam engine had existed in China, France, and England. The steam engine was developed to solve the problem of water flooding coal mines (which were underground), therefore making the coal inaccessible for coal miners to get. James Watt (1736-1819) made a steam engine in the 1770s that fixed that problem. The steam engines pumped out groundwater, which allowed miners to dig deeper and deeper, and access the large amount of coal underground in England. By 1800, Britain had about 2,000 steam engines, most of them employed pumping water out of coal mines. This made coal cheaper to be used in other industries, such as textile and pottery manufactory, and to work the fires in iron smelting factories. Beyond Britain's shores, other circumstances helped cause the Industrial Revolution. While coal substituted the need for wood from forests, overseas fields substituted for British farmland, improving the food supply, especially to the cities. Britain's manufactures allowed it to trade for grain from Russia and North America. Britain's colonial power allowed it to obtain sugar from the Caribbean, which supplied urban workers with some of their calories. It also brought cheap tea from China and India, with caffeine to help those workers last through their shifts. And it helped Britain obtain all the raw cotton its mills could use from the American South, from India, and later from Egypt and elsewhere in Africa.
Transcribed Image Text:Fossil fuels changed how humans utilized energy sources in the modern era. Before the use of fossil fuels for manufacturing, people only harnessed a fraction of the energy from the foods they grew and ate and of the animal energy used to plow their farms. The first people to make fossil fuels central to their economy were the Dutch who burned peat (preserve vegetable matter that had captured energy over a few millennia). While wood allowed access to stores of energy captured over centuries, and peat to energy captured over millennia, coal represented energy stocks built up over eons. People around the world had known of coal's uses for a long time, and Song China had used it on a large scale in its iron industry. London had burned coal for home heating from at least the 13th century. Britain had a lot of coal deposits. But by 1815, annual British coal production allowed for the energy equivalent to what 20 Newcastle hrham Whitehaven eof e Moelend Coal Iron Valends .... times the woodlands of Britain could then have Copper "Lincoln produced. Leed Tin Monganese The Dutch and Chinese had already used coal before. So what made Britain different? Many coal sites within Britain were of not used in the Zine 222 iron industry because coal's impurities made iron weak. But after 1709, Abraham Darby figured out that coke, a purer carbon taken from coal, didn't weaken iron during the heating process. This led to more iron production. But most importantly, the second technical innovation was the steam engine. Earlier forms of the steam engine had existed in China, France, and England. The steam engine was developed to solve the problem of water flooding coal mines (which were underground), therefore making the coal inaccessible for coal miners to get. James Watt (1736-1819) made a steam engine in the 1770s that fixed that problem. The steam engines pumped out groundwater, which allowed miners to dig deeper and deeper, and access the large amount of coal underground in England. By 1800, Britain had about 2,000 steam engines, most of them employed pumping water out of coal mines. This made coal cheaper to be used in other industries, such as textile and pottery manufactory, and to work the fires in iron smelting factories. Beyond Britain's shores, other circumstances helped cause the Industrial Revolution. While coal substituted the need for wood from forests, overseas fields substituted for British farmland, improving the food supply, especially to the cities. Britain's manufactures allowed it to trade for grain from Russia and North America. Britain's colonial power allowed it to obtain sugar from the Caribbean, which supplied urban workers with some of their calories. It also brought cheap tea from China and India, with caffeine to help those workers last through their shifts. And it helped Britain obtain all the raw cotton its mills could use from the American South, from India, and later from Egypt and elsewhere in Africa.
At the heart of the industrial revolution were technological changes based on newly developed, inanimate sources of power that led to the extensive use of machinery in manufacturing. Machine production raised worker productivity, encouraged economic specialization, and promoted the growth of large-scale enterprise. Industrial machinery transformed economic production by turning out high-quality products quickly, cheaply, and efficiently. The process of industrialization encouraged rapid technological innovation and over the long term raised material standards of living in much of the world. The resulting innovations resolved old production problems, but also created new ones. In textiles, for example, before 1733, it took three or four spinners to produce enough thread to keep one weaver busy. But the invention of the flying shuttle made weavers twice as fast (weaving wider fabrics and more fabrics), and raised the incentive to figure out a way to make the spinners (the people spinning the thread for weavers to sew with) faster - accomplished in 1770 with the spinning jenny. Hence, major innovations came in clusters. Power looms were invented in the 1780s, mechanized looms that wove fabrics. This loom utilized the steam engine as its power source. The first cluster, which took shape around 1780-1830, involved primarily the textile and iron industries. The key technical achievements were the flying shuttle, spinning jenny, and power loom in cotton production, and coking furnaces in the iron industry. Crucial advances in transport were turnpikes and canals.?
Transcribed Image Text:At the heart of the industrial revolution were technological changes based on newly developed, inanimate sources of power that led to the extensive use of machinery in manufacturing. Machine production raised worker productivity, encouraged economic specialization, and promoted the growth of large-scale enterprise. Industrial machinery transformed economic production by turning out high-quality products quickly, cheaply, and efficiently. The process of industrialization encouraged rapid technological innovation and over the long term raised material standards of living in much of the world. The resulting innovations resolved old production problems, but also created new ones. In textiles, for example, before 1733, it took three or four spinners to produce enough thread to keep one weaver busy. But the invention of the flying shuttle made weavers twice as fast (weaving wider fabrics and more fabrics), and raised the incentive to figure out a way to make the spinners (the people spinning the thread for weavers to sew with) faster - accomplished in 1770 with the spinning jenny. Hence, major innovations came in clusters. Power looms were invented in the 1780s, mechanized looms that wove fabrics. This loom utilized the steam engine as its power source. The first cluster, which took shape around 1780-1830, involved primarily the textile and iron industries. The key technical achievements were the flying shuttle, spinning jenny, and power loom in cotton production, and coking furnaces in the iron industry. Crucial advances in transport were turnpikes and canals.?
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