Indicate which of the following statements regarding thekinetic-molecular theory of gases are correct. (a) The averagekinetic energy of a collection of gas molecules at a given temperatureis proportional to m1/2. (b) The gas molecules are assumedto exert no forces on each other. (c) All the moleculesof a gas at a given temperature have the same kinetic energy.(d) The volume of the gas molecules is negligible in comparisonto the total volume in which the gas is contained. (e) Allgas molecules move with the same speed if they are at the sametemperature.
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
Indicate which of the following statements regarding the
kinetic-molecular theory of gases are correct. (a) The average
kinetic energy of a collection of gas molecules at a given temperature
is proportional to m1/2. (b) The gas molecules are assumed
to exert no forces on each other. (c) All the molecules
of a gas at a given temperature have the same kinetic energy.
(d) The volume of the gas molecules is negligible in comparison
to the total volume in which the gas is contained. (e) All
gas molecules move with the same speed if they are at the same
temperature.
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